Research training in chronic, non-communicable respiratory diseases in Peru

秘鲁慢性非传染性呼吸道疾病研究培训

基本信息

批准号：
10021729
负责人：
William Checkley
金额：
$ 24.27万
依托单位：
JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-09-15 至 2024-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10021729
关键词：
Address Adult Affect Altitude Automobile Driving Award Baltimore Chronic Chronic Obstructive Airway Disease Collaborations Communities Complex Coupled Discipline Doctor of Philosophy Effectiveness Environmental Exposure Environmental Health Epidemic Faculty Gender Generations Goals Grant Health Health Professional Household Air Pollution Institution International Intervention Lung Lung diseases Master&apos s Degree Mentorship National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Occupational Peru Peruvian Policies Postdoctoral Fellow Public Health Public Health Practice Research Research Personnel Research Training Risk Risk Factors Scientist Students Tobacco smoke Training Training Programs Training and Infrastructure Translations United States National Institutes of Health Universities Woman ambient air pollution biomass fuel clinical epidemiology cohort combat cooking doctoral student efficacy trial implementation science international center low socioeconomic status programs rural residence social factors training opportunity

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY Chronic pulmonary diseases coupled with environmental exposures present a growing public health problem in Peru, and globally. Indoor and outdoor air pollution, tobacco smoke and occupational fumes and exposures all contribute to burden of chronic respiratory disease in Peru. Social factors such a low socioeconomic status and gender further compound this exposure risk. For instance, in high altitude communities in the Andes, approximately 10% of adults are living with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), affecting primarily women. Household air pollution, a major risk factor for COPD, is common in poor rural households where biomass fuels are used for cooking and accounts for over half (55%) of COPD cases in women in Peruvian highland communities. Noting these risks and increased exposure, there is an ever-growing need for research to address the causes and develop interventions to combat the environmental exposures driving the chronic pulmonary disease epidemic in Peru. This application for the NIH D43 Training Grant, a collaboration between William Checkley, MD, PhD at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, MD and Stella Hartinger, PhD at Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia in Lima, Peru, leverages 30 years of collaborations between our institutions to build a training and research program for promising, young Peruvian research scientists and health professionals. This cohort will have the opportunity to focus on environmental health and chronic pulmonary disease research with the mentorship and support of international, renowned faculty and advisors within environmental and pulmonary research, ranging from atmospheric scientists to implementation researchers. The program will provide intensive training opportunities and build training capacity in the range of scientific disciplines (clinical epidemiology, exposure assessment, efficacy trials, implementation science) relevant to addressing environmental exposure and pulmonary disease research at the masters, PhD and post-doctoral levels. The proposed training program will provide support to two doctoral students from Peru at JHBSPH and five master’s degree students at UPCH over the five-year award period and we will support five Peruvian postdoctoral fellows in their applications to the UJMT Global Fogarty Health Fellows program (JHU PD: Checkley). The long-term goal of this program is to build a sustainable and collaborative research-training infrastructure to support the generation of evidence for the effectiveness of complex interventions to address these health issues, as well as the translation of this evidence to policy and public health practice in Peru. This application is responsive to partnering institutions of PAR-18-901 including the Fogarty International Center and the National Institutes of Environmental Health Sciences through its focus on chronic pulmonary diseases and environmental exposures.

项目摘要慢性肺部疾病和环境暴露呈现出越来越多的公共卫生问题秘鲁和全球。室内和室外空气污染，烟草烟雾以及占据烟雾和暴露在秘鲁的慢性呼吸系统疾病中有助于伯宁。社会因素这样低的社会经济地位和性别进一步加剧了这种暴露风险。例如，在安第斯山脉的高海拔社区中，大约10％的成年人患有慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD），影响原发性女性。家庭空气污染是COPD的主要危险因素，在贫穷的农村家庭中很常见生物质燃料用于烹饪，秘鲁妇女的COPD案件占一半以上（55％）高地社区。注意到这些风险并增加了暴露，对研究的需求不断增长解决应对驾驶慢性环境暴露的原因和发展干预措施秘鲁的肺部疾病流行。这项NIH D43培训赠款的申请是马里兰州约翰·霍普金斯大学（Johns Hopkins University）的医学博士William Checkley，马里兰州的约翰·霍普金斯大学（Johns Hopkins University）和Stella Hartinger，博士学位秘鲁利马的佩鲁阿纳·卡耶塔诺·埃雷迪亚大学（Peruana Cayetano Heredia）利用我们的30年合作为有前途的秘鲁研究科学家和卫生专业人员。该队列将有机会专注于环境健康和慢性肺部疾病研究在国际，著名教师和顾问的指导和支持下在环境和肺部研究中，从大气科学家到实施研究人员。该计划将提供密集的培训机会，并在范围内建立培训能力科学学科（临床流行病学，暴露评估，效率试验，实施科学）与硕士，博士和博士后水平。拟议的培训计划将为秘鲁的两个博士生提供支持在JHBSPH和UPCH的五个硕士学位学生中，我们将支持五个秘鲁博士后研究员在UJMT全球Fogarty Health Fellows的申请中程序（JHU PD：Checkley）。该计划的长期目标是建立可持续和协作的研究培训基础设施，以支持生成复杂有效性的证据解决这些健康问题的干预措施，以及将此证据转化为政策和公众秘鲁的健康实践。该申请对合作机构的PAR-18-901有回应包括福加蒂国际中心和国立环境卫生研究院科学通过关注慢性肺部疾病和环境暴露。