Azithromycin Reduction to Reach Elimination of Trachoma

减少阿奇霉素以消除沙眼

• 批准号: 10439385
• 负责人: THOMAS M LIETMAN
• 金额: $ 5.08万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-05-01 至 2025-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10439385
• 关键词: Antibiotics; Area; Azithromycin; Chlamydia trachomatis; Clinical; Communities; Diagnostic tests; Drops; Early treatment; Goals; Guidelines; Infection; Inflammation; Lead; Low Prevalence; Measures; Prevalence; Randomized Controlled Trials; Resources; Trachoma; World Health Organization; programs; transmission process

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Annual mass azithromycin distribution dramatically reduces the prevalence of the ocular strains of Chlamydia trachomatis that lead to blinding trachoma. Current World Health Organization guidelines indicate that annual mass azithromycin distribution should be continued until district-level prevalence of the clinical sign of trachoma, trachomatous inflammation-follicular (TF), drops below 5%. However, TF does not correlate well with infection after multiple rounds of azithromycin treatment. Specifically, any decrease in TF lags well behind the decrease in infection. Thus, the TF threshold may lead to overuse of antibiotics and depletion of scarce resources. Here, we propose a community randomized controlled trial and diagnostic test study to evaluate whether 1) azithromycin distribution can be discontinued in communities with TF prevalence up to 20%, and 2) alternative indicators of trachoma transmission can better measure true infection. We anticipate that results will provide evidence to support discontinuation of azithromycin treatment earlier, and evidence of that true local elimination of infection can be achieved, altering the goal of the trachoma program from control to eradication.

项目总结/文摘