Racial Differences in Developmental and Daily Sleep-Alcohol Associations in Youth

项目概要/摘要 青年人饮酒/后果和睡眠不足之间存在惊人的相似之处。也就是说， 使用/后果和睡眠不足在青年中非常普遍，少数民族青年 不成比例地承受着睡眠不足和酒精使用/后果的负担。此外，睡眠不足和 酒精使用/后果经常在青年中同时发生。前瞻性研究一致表明睡眠 缺乏预测随后的酒精使用/后果。虽然酒精的潜在影响的研究结果 在青年、酒精管理研究中，使用/对随后睡眠不足的后果不太一致 研究表明，饮酒会导致青少年后期和年轻人随后出现睡眠不足， 酒鬼这些双向的睡眠-酒精关联具有重要的意义， 缺乏和酒精使用/后果在恶性循环中相互补充， 随着时间的推移而加剧。然而，尚待检验的是（a）睡眠-酒精前瞻性关联 不同种族群体之间的差异和（B）如果是这样，什么种族特异性机制的基础双向睡眠- 青年人的酗酒问题。这项拟议中的研究旨在解决共同生活中令人不安的种族差异， 美国青年中两个普遍而严重的公共卫生问题的发生。激烈的入会仪式 以及酒精使用/后果的增加沿着青春期中期发生的睡眠不足， 它是描述涉及酒精使用/后果的风险过程的最佳发育期， 长期睡眠不足。具体来说，我们的目标是测试（1）在前瞻性双向 随着时间的推移，睡眠与酒精的关系，以及（2）与睡眠相关的基于理论的风险途径中的种族差异 缺乏和酒精使用/后果，其中涉及长期和短期的社会逆境暴露 以及随后的压力应对反应实现这项拟议研究的目标将提高认识， 关于睡眠-酒精差异在儿童关键发育期的机制 青春期这些知识还将为有针对性的、对种族敏感的预防和治疗战略提供信息， 减少少数种族青年的睡眠酒精问题。最终，这些有针对性的和种族敏感的 预防/治疗工作将有助于减少少数种族青年之间的健康差距。

Project Summary/Abstract Striking parallels exist in alcohol use/consequences and sleep deficiency among youth. That is, both alcohol use/consequences and sleep deficiency are highly prevalent in youth, and racial minority youth are disproportionately burdened with sleep deficits and alcohol use/consequences. Further, sleep deficiencies and alcohol use/consequences frequently co-occur in youth. Prospective research consistently indicates sleep deficiency predicts subsequent alcohol use/consequences. While findings for the prospective effect of alcohol use/consequences on subsequent sleep deficiency are less consistent in youth, alcohol administration studies have shown that alcohol use leads to subsequent sleep deficits among late adolescent and young adult drinkers. These bi-directional sleep-alcohol associations have significant implications such that sleep deficiency and alcohol use/consequences feed into each other in a vicious downward cycle by which they exacerbate over time. However, what is yet to be tested is (a) whether sleep-alcohol prospective associations differ across racial groups and (b) if so, what racially-specific mechanisms underlie the bi-directional sleep- alcohol associations in youth. This proposed study seeks to address the troubling racial disparities in the co- occurrence of the two prevalent and serious public health problems in American youth. The drastic initiation and escalation in alcohol use/consequences along with sleep deficiencies occurring in mid-adolescence make it an optimal developmental period to characterize risk processes involving alcohol use/consequences and sleep deficiencies over time. Specifically, we aim to test (1) racial differences in the prospective bi-directional sleep-alcohol associations over time, and (2) racial differences in a theory-based risk pathway linking sleep deficiency and alcohol use/consequences, which involves long-term and short-term social adversity exposures and subsequent stress-coping responses. Achievement of this proposed study's aims will enhance knowledge about the mechanisms underlying sleep-alcohol disparities during the critical developmental period of adolescence. This knowledge will also inform targeted, racially-sensitive prevention and treatment strategies to curtail sleep-alcohol problems among racial minority youth. Ultimately, these targeted and racially-sensitive prevention/treatment endeavors will contribute to reducing health disparities among racially minority youth.