Beyond the Medical: The ELSI of Polygenic Scores for Social Traits
超越医学:社会特征多基因评分的 ELSI
基本信息
- 批准号:10433231
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 71.15万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:
- 财政年份:2022
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2022-06-13 至 2026-03-31
- 项目状态:未结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:AddressAttitudeAwarenessBehaviorBehavioralBenefits and RisksBiologicalCase StudyComplexConsentConsumptionDataDatabasesDevelopmentDiabetes MellitusDiscriminationDiseaseEmpirical ResearchEnvironmentEnvironmental Risk FactorEthicsEugenicsGenesGeneticGenomicsGoalsHealthHeart DiseasesHuntington DiseaseIncomeIndividualInsurance CarriersInterviewLawsLeadLegalLifeMapsMeasuresMedicalMethodologyModelingOutcomePaperParticipantPerceptionPoliciesPolicy AnalysisPolicy MakerPolygenic TraitsPopulationPredictive ValueProcessPublic HealthPublicationsPublished CommentRegulationReproductive BehaviorResearchResearch DesignResearch PersonnelResourcesRiskRisk BehaviorsRoleScanningScientistSexualitySocial ImpactsSocial JusticeSocial PoliciesSocial SciencesSocial outcomeSourceStudentsSumSurveysTechnologyTestingUniversitiesbehavioral outcomebiobankethical legal social implicationgenetic predictorsgenetic technologygenetic testinggenetic varianthigh riskimplementation barriersimprovedlegal casesnew technologynewsoptimismpersonalized medicinepolygenic risk scoreresearch studysocialsocial disparitiessocial genomicssocial inequalitysocial interventionssocial science researchstakeholder perspectivessymposiumtraittrend
项目摘要
7. PROJECT SUMMARY/ ABSTRACT
In traditional predictive genetic testing single gene variants are analyzed to determine whether an individual is
at high risk of developing a disease. The vast majority of diseases, however, are polygenic—caused by many
different genes. Polygenic risk scores (PRS) have been heralded for their promise to predict risk for these more
complex diseases like heart disease or diabetes by measuring the contribution of hundreds or thousands of
genetic variants at once. Yet beyond prediction of health or medical outcomes, the realm of `sociogenomics' is
developing polygenic scores (PGS) measuring genetic contributions to social traits and behavioral factors, such
as income, educational attainment, sexuality, and optimism. Proponents of sociogenomic PGS cite the
potential for this research to increase understanding of the interplay between genetic and environmental
factors, to account for genetic factors in social science research, and to create personalized social interventions
akin to personalized medicine. But others worry that sociogenomic PGS findings could lead to discrimination
and an exacerbation of existing social disparities. In order to understand the ethical, legal, and social
implications of sociogenomic PGS research and its outcomes, this project addresses the following research
questions: 1) What are the current trends in the development of sociogenomic PGS and what are the possible
applications of scores in social settings?; 2) How do various stakeholders perceive the benefits and risks of
sociogenomic PGS?; and 3) How well do existing laws, policies, or governance protect against the potential
harms of sociogenomic PGS while also promoting their potential benefits? Answering these questions requires
both empirical research and legal analysis. Using horizon scanning methodologies, Aim 1 maps the landscape
of sociogenomic PGS, their potential applications, and how sociogenomic research findings are presented to
and consumed by the public. Aim 2 enlists those involved in the pipeline of sociogenomics research (biobank
participants whose genetic data may be used to develop PGS, PGS researchers who develop the scores, and
social scientists who may use the scores in their research studies) to examine and assess their attitudes toward
the range of harms and benefits of sociogenomic PGS, and the implications of varying applications of PGS.
Both of these efforts will inform Aim 3, which consists of a legal and policy analysis of how current legal rules
protect against potential misuse and/or promote possible benefits of sociogenomic findings. The product of
this project will be a set of case studies designed to help policy makers and researchers anticipate and mitigate
the potential harms of employing sociogenomic PGS in various social settings while still identifying and
maximizing potential benefits.
7.项目总结/摘要
在传统的预测性基因检测中,分析单个基因变异以确定个体是否是
有很高的患病风险然而,绝大多数疾病都是多基因的,
不同的基因多基因风险评分(PRS)已经预示着他们的承诺,以预测风险,这些更多
复杂的疾病,如心脏病或糖尿病,通过测量数百或数千个
遗传变异的同时然而,除了预测健康或医疗结果之外,“社会基因组学”的领域是
开发多基因评分(PGS),测量遗传对社会特征和行为因素的贡献,
收入、教育程度、性取向和乐观。社会基因组学PGS的支持者引用了
这项研究有可能增加对遗传和环境之间相互作用的理解。
在社会科学研究中考虑遗传因素,并创造个性化的社会干预措施。
类似于个性化医疗。但也有人担心社会基因组学的PGS发现可能会导致歧视
以及现有社会差距的加剧。为了理解道德的、法律的和社会的
社会基因组学PGS研究及其成果的影响,本项目涉及以下研究
问题:1)目前社会基因组学PGS的发展趋势是什么,可能的发展方向是什么?
分数在社会环境中的应用?2)不同的利益相关者如何看待
社会基因组PGS?3)现有的法律、政策或治理如何有效地防范潜在的
社会基因组学PGS的危害,同时也促进其潜在的好处?回答这些问题需要
既有实证研究,也有法律的分析。Aim 1使用地平线扫描方法绘制景观地图
社会基因组学PGS,它们的潜在应用,以及社会基因组学研究结果如何呈现给
并被大众消费。目标2招募了那些参与社会基因组学研究的人(生物库
其遗传数据可用于开发PGS的参与者,开发评分的PGS研究人员,以及
社会科学家可能会在他们的研究中使用分数)来检查和评估他们对
社会基因组学PGS的一系列危害和益处,以及PGS不同应用的影响。
这两项努力将为目标3提供信息,目标3包括对现行法律的规则如何影响国家的法律的和政策分析。
防止潜在的滥用和/或促进社会基因组学发现的可能益处。的产物
该项目将是一组案例研究,旨在帮助政策制定者和研究人员预测和减轻
在各种社会环境中使用社会基因组学PGS的潜在危害,
最大化潜在利益。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
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会议论文数量(0)
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Rosemary Jean Cadigan其他文献
Rosemary Jean Cadigan的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Rosemary Jean Cadigan', 18)}}的其他基金
Beyond the Medical: The ELSI of Polygenic Scores for Social Traits
超越医学:社会特征多基因评分的 ELSI
- 批准号:
10644015 - 财政年份:2022
- 资助金额:
$ 71.15万 - 项目类别:
Incidental Enhancement: Addressing a Neglected Policy Issue in Human Genome Editing
附带增强:解决人类基因组编辑中被忽视的政策问题
- 批准号:
10565919 - 财政年份:2020
- 资助金额:
$ 71.15万 - 项目类别:
Incidental Enhancement: Addressing a Neglected Policy Issue in Human Genome Editing
附带增强:解决人类基因组编辑中被忽视的政策问题
- 批准号:
10363704 - 财政年份:2020
- 资助金额:
$ 71.15万 - 项目类别:
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