Parent-child proximity and emerging psychopathology

亲子亲密关系和新兴的精神病理学

• 批准号: 10435027
• 负责人: Kathryn Leigh Humphreys
• 金额: $ 80.42万
• 依托单位: VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-05-05 至 2027-02-28
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10435027
• 关键词: Achievement; Address; Adult; Affect; Age; Amygdaloid structure; Award; Behavior; Behavior assessment; Behavioral; Biological; Birth; Brain; Caregivers; Caring; Characteristics; Child; Child Abuse and Neglect; Coupled; Development; Early Intervention; Emotional; Emotions; Environment; Exposure to; Family; Foundations; Human; Infant; Infant Behavior; Institutionalized Child; Intervention; Knowledge; Laboratories; Language; Learning; Life; Link; Location; MRI Scans; Measurement; Measures; Medial; Mediation; Mental Health; Mental disorders; Methods; Mission; Modeling; Monitor; Moods; National Institute of Mental Health; Nature; Neurocognitive; Neurosciences; Outcome; Parents; Pattern; Pregnancy; Pregnant Women; Psychopathology; Recording of previous events; Research; Risk; Scanning; Sensory; Severities; Shapes; Source; Speech; Symptoms; Technology; Testing; Theoretical model; Time; Variant; Woman; base; brain behavior; brain circuitry; brain shape; brain volume; caregiving; design; direct application; early childhood; early experience; emotion regulation; environmental enrichment for laboratory animals; experience; improved; infancy; innovation; insight; multimodal neuroimaging; neglect; neurodevelopment; neuroimaging; preventive intervention; primary caregiver; psychologic; psychosocial; recruit; relating to nervous system; theories; tool; wearable device

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT The caregiving environment children experience is the most important modifiable feature for shaping brain development and influencing subsequent mental health. Building from knowledge of infant mental health and developmental neuroscience, this NIMH BRAINS award application is designed to advance our understanding of how children’s experiences with their caregivers during infancy, a developmental period characterized by heightened brain plasticity, influences brain and behavioral development. Specifically, we will use innovative methods to characterize multiple aspects of the early caregiving environment in relation to changes in brain structural and functional connectivity that are believed to contribute to the onset of mental disorders. The application of new tools, coupled with traditional metrics, will improve our measurement of children’s experiences using a child-centered approach (i.e., capturing children’s contact with multiple caregivers). To do this, we will recruit 150 women in pregnancy and, following birth, conduct assessments in children’s daily ecological context at ages 1, 6, 12, and 18 months. This project introduces a wearable device technology that can dynamically, unobtrusively, and continuously measure patterns of physical proximity between children and caregivers, regardless of physical location. In addition to children’s proximity to caregivers, we will obtain ecological assessments of language exposure and observation-based caregiver sensitivity and examine the convergence and divergence among these different ways of capturing children’s experiences (Specific Aim 1). While prior research suggests that greater environmental enrichment leads to lower symptoms of psychopathology, the lack of granularity in measurement (i.e., not capturing the full continuum of relative psychosocial neglect–enrichment) has precluded the ability to characterize the shape of these associations (e.g., linear, nonlinear). We will study children selected to range in experiences along the neglect–enrichment continuum and use repeated neuroimaging of infant brain structural and functional connectivity and repeated behavioral assessments to explore the possible profile of the associations between aspects of the caregiving environment and changes in brain and behavior (Specific Aim 2). Last, we will examine how changes in emotion regulation and emotion reasoning circuitry are associated with signs of emerging psychopathology at age 18 months in order to test whether, when, and how variations in early experience influence risk for psychopathology through changes in emotion-related circuitry (Specific Aim 3). Here, neuroimaging is particularly advantageous as it allows us to examine the maturation of emotion-related networks from birth and, importantly, prior to the onset of detectable mental health difficulties. Achievement of the aims of this proposal is expected to meet NIMH’s objectives to determine the biological and psychological mechanisms by which experience affects neural and behavioral development, with direct applications for prevention and early intervention.

项目摘要/摘要 儿童所经历的照料环境是塑造大脑的最重要的可改变特征 发展并影响随后的心理健康。建立在婴儿心理健康知识和 发展神经科学，这个NIMH大脑奖的申请是为了促进我们对 儿童在婴儿期与他们的照顾者在一起的经历，这一发展阶段的特点是 大脑可塑性增强，影响大脑和行为发育。具体来说，我们将使用创新的 描述早期照料环境的多个方面与大脑变化相关的方法 结构和功能的连通性被认为是导致精神障碍的原因。这个 新工具的应用，再加上传统指标，将改善我们对儿童的测量 使用以儿童为中心的方法(即，捕获儿童与多个照顾者的接触)的体验。去做 今年，我们将招募150名怀孕妇女，并在分娩后在儿童日报上进行评估 1、6、12和18个月龄的生态环境。该项目引入了一种可穿戴设备技术， 可以动态地、不引人注意地、连续地测量儿童和 照顾者，不受物理位置的限制。除了儿童与照顾者的接近之外，我们还将获得 语言暴露和基于观察的照顾者敏感性的生态评估，并检查 这些获取儿童经验的不同方式之间的趋同和分歧(具体目标1)。 虽然先前的研究表明，更多的环境丰富会导致较低的症状 精神病理学，缺乏测量的粒度(即，没有捕捉到亲属的完整连续体 心理社会忽视-丰富)排除了表征这些联系的形式的能力 (例如，线性、非线性)。我们将研究被挑选出来的儿童在忽视-充实过程中的经历 连续和重复使用神经成像的婴儿大脑结构和功能的连通性和重复 行为评估，以探索看护各方面之间可能的联系 环境与大脑和行为的变化(特定目标2)。最后，我们将研究如何改变 情绪调节和情绪推理回路与新出现的精神病理学的迹象有关 年龄18个月，以测试早期经历的变化是否、何时以及如何影响 通过情绪相关回路改变的精神病理学(具体目标3)。在这里，神经成像是 尤其有利的是，它允许我们检查情绪相关网络从出生到成熟的过程， 重要的是，在出现可察觉的心理健康困难之前。实现这项建议的目标 有望达到NIMH的目标，以确定生物和心理机制 经验影响神经和行为发育，直接应用于预防和早期 干预。