Early Withdrawal Exposure and Negative Affect Withdrawal (NAW) Regulation Training for Smoking Cessation

戒烟早期戒断暴露和负面影响戒断 (NAW) 法规培训

• 批准号: 10440263
• 负责人: Peter S. Hendricks
• 金额: $ 59.97万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-07-01 至 2024-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10440263
• 关键词: Abstinence; Accounting; Address; Adult; Age; Alcohol dependence; Anger; Anxiety; Behavior Therapy; Biochemical; Cessation of life; Characteristics; Cigarette; Data; Depressed mood; Development; Development Plans; Drug Addiction; Drug usage; Educational Intervention; Epidemic; Expectancy; Goals; Hour; Intention; Intervention; Investigation; Knowledge; Manuals; Measures; Mediating; Mediator of activation protein; Mental Depression; Morbidity - disease rate; Motivation; National Institute of Drug Abuse; Outcome; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Pilot Projects; Play; Prevalence; Process; Public Health; Publishing; Randomized; Regulation; Relapse; Relaxation; Reporting; Research; Role; Sample Size; Sampling; Self Efficacy; Smoker; Smoking; Smoking Cessation Intervention; Testing; Therapeutic; Time; Tobacco Dependence; Training; Treatment Efficacy; Treatment outcome; United States; Withdrawal; Withdrawal Symptom; Work; addiction; base; cigarette smoking; design; efficacious treatment; efficacy evaluation; improved; intervention effect; mortality; negative affect; novel; primary outcome; response; secondary outcome; sex; smoking abstinence; smoking cessation; smoking prevalence; theories; therapy development; treatment adherence

Cigarette smoking remains the single most preventable cause of mortality and morbidity in the United States. Long-term abstinence rates for even the most rigorous of smoking cessation treatments range between 20% and 35%. It is therefore essential that research continue to investigate novel smoking cessation interventions. Leading contemporary theories of addiction motivation posit that the escape or avoidance of negative affect withdrawal (NAW) symptoms (e.g., anger, anxiety, and depression/sadness) constitutes a strong motivational basis for cigarette smoking and plays a critical role in relapse to cigarette use. However, whereas NAW symptoms appear to exert a powerful influence on smoking cessation treatment outcome, smoking cessation interventions may exert only modest effects on NAW symptoms. Accordingly, it has been proposed that smoking cessation interventions may be augmented by aiding smokers in the practice of NAW regulation strategies. The primary goal of this investigation is to evaluate an early withdrawal exposure plus NAW regulation training intervention for smoking cessation. Specific aims include evaluating the efficacy of the treatment components and investigating potential mediators and moderators of the treatment components. Participants will be adult smokers (N = 400) of at least 5 cigarettes per day with the intention to quit smoking. Using a factorial design, participants will be randomized to early withdrawal exposure (yes vs. no) and behavioral intervention (NAW regulation training vs. relaxation control training), resulting in four distinct conditions. Our primary hypothesis is that early withdrawal exposure plus NAW regulation training will produce higher rates of seven-day point-prevalence abstinence at 1, 3, and 6 months after end-of-treatment, suggesting a synergistic (i.e., non-additive) effect of the two intervention components. Mediators (e.g., in-session withdrawal symptoms) and moderators (e.g., demographic characteristics, tobacco dependence) will be investigated via established analyses. These data will advance the experimental intervention with a focus on targeting mechanisms of change as well as participant characteristics to which the intervention may be tailored. The experimental intervention described in the current proposal has the potential to ultimately enhance the efficacy of existing smoking cessation interventions and will therefore contribute uniquely to the field.

在美国，吸烟仍然是导致死亡和发病的最可预防的单一原因。 即使是最严格的戒烟治疗，长期戒烟率也在 20% 之间 和35%。因此，继续研究新型戒烟干预措施至关重要。 当代成瘾动机的主要理论认为，逃避或避免负面情绪 戒断（NAW）症状（例如愤怒、焦虑和抑郁/悲伤）构成了强烈的动机 吸烟的基础，并且在卷烟复发中发挥着关键作用。然而，尽管 NAW 症状似乎对戒烟治疗结果、戒烟产生强大影响 干预措施可能对 NAW 症状仅产生有限的影响。据此，有人提议 通过帮助吸烟者实施 NAW 监管，可以增强戒烟干预措施 策略。这项调查的主要目标是评估早期戒断暴露加上 NAW 戒烟调节培训干预。具体目标包括评估 治疗成分并研究治疗成分的潜在调节剂和调节剂。 参与者将是每天至少吸 5 支烟且有意戒烟的成年吸烟者 (N = 400)。 使用析因设计，参与者将被随机分配到早期退出暴露（是与否）和 行为干预（NAW 调节训练与放松控制训练），产生四种不同的结果 状况。我们的主要假设是，早期戒断暴露加上 NAW 监管培训将产生 治疗结束后 1、3 和 6 个月的 7 天点流行率戒断率较高，表明 两种干预措施的协同（即非相加）效应。调解员（例如，会议期间 戒断症状）和调节因素（例如人口特征、烟草依赖）将 通过既定分析进行调查。这些数据将推进实验干预，重点是 针对变革机制以及干预可能针对的参与者特征 量身定制。当前提案中描述的实验干预有可能最终 提高现有戒烟干预措施的功效，因此将为戒烟做出独特贡献 场地。