The Smoking Abstinence Questionnaire

描述（由申请人提供）：在美国，吸烟仍然是最可预防的单一病因或发病率和死亡率，每年约有440，000人死亡。因此，研究人员必须继续研究与尼古丁依赖治疗相关的因素。药物相关预期是指个体预期使用（或不使用）任何特定物质的后果。关于吸烟，研究的重点是吸烟者对使用香烟的期望。这些预期，如标准吸烟预期问卷所测量的，是吸烟动机和行为的强有力的预测因素。然而，以前没有研究调查吸烟者对不吸烟的期望。也就是说，以前没有研究调查吸烟者戒烟时预期的后果（即与戒烟相关的预期）。然而，这些预期可能对尼古丁依赖的治疗具有相当大的意义。本研究的主要目的是通过开发一个戒烟相关预期问卷：吸烟戒烟问卷（SAQ）来检查吸烟者对戒烟的预期。将通过参考文献、当前吸烟者的焦点小组和专家小组审查来开发SAQ项目的初始池。SAQ的草案将被管理到500名当前吸烟者，并使用已建立的心理测量程序，包括因素分析进行改进。SAQ与吸烟相关变量的关系将被检查，包括其与尼古丁依赖、戒断、戒烟动机、戒烟自我效能、负面影响和吸烟预期的关系。我们假设SAQ与这些变量中的每一个都有显著的关系，从而为其结构效度提供证据。拟定的研究将提供有关戒烟过程和重要治疗相关过程变量的有价值信息。此外，SAQ的发展将允许持续的，系统的，戒烟过程中与禁欲有关的期望的作用的研究。最后，这项调查可能有助于为吸烟治疗提供信息。因此，目前的研究将促进尼古丁依赖治疗的发展。相关性：以前没有研究调查吸烟者戒烟时预期的后果，尽管这些预期可能在尼古丁依赖的治疗中具有重要意义。本研究的主要目的是开发一个禁欲相关预期问卷。因此，目前的研究将促进尼古丁依赖治疗的发展。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Cigarette smoking remains the single most preventable cause or morbidity and mortality in the United States, accounting for approximately 440,000 deaths per year. It is thus essential that researchers continue to investigate the factors relevant to the treatment of nicotine dependence. Drug-related expectancies represent the consequences that an individual expects from the use (or non-use) of any given substance. With respect to smoking, research has focused on smokers' expectancies for the use of cigarettes. These expectancies, as measured by the standard smoking expectancy questionnaires, are robust predictors of smoking motivation and behavior. However, no prior study has examined smokers' expectancies for the non-use of cigarettes. That is, no previous study has investigated the consequences that smokers expect when they quit smoking (that is, abstinence-related expectancies). However, these expectancies likely have considerable significance to the treatment of nicotine dependence. The primary goal of the current study is to examine smokers' expectancies for abstinence via the development of an abstinence-related expectancies questionnaire: the Smoking Abstinence Questionnaire (SAQ). An initial pool of SAQ items will be developed via reference to the literature, focus groups with current smokers, and expert panel review. A draft version of the SAQ will be administered to 500 current smokers and refined with the use of established psychometric procedures, including factor analysis. The SAQ's relationship to smoking-relevant variables will be examined, including its relationship to nicotine dependence, withdrawal, motivation to quit, abstinence self-efficacy, negative affect, and smoking expectancies. We hypothesize that the SAQ will have significant relationships with each of these variables, thereby providing evidence for its construct validity. The proposed study will provide valuable information regarding the process of quitting and important treatment-related process variables. Moreover, the development of the SAQ will allow for continued, systematic, research of the role of abstinence-related expectancies in the quitting process. Finally, this investigation may help inform smoking treatment. Thus, the current study will advance the development of nicotine dependence treatments. Relevance: No prior study has investigated the consequences that smokers anticipate when they quit smoking, although these expectancies likely have significance in the treatment of nicotine dependence. The primary goal of the current study is the development of an abstinence-related expectancies questionnaire. Thus, the current study will advance the development of nicotine dependence treatments.