A Positive Deviance Inquiry into the Protective Health Behaviors of Children during Summer

夏季儿童防护健康行为的正向偏差调查

• 批准号: 10442367
• 负责人: Roddrick Dugger
• 金额: $ 4.03万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA AT COLUMBIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-03-07 至 2023-03-06
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10442367
• 关键词: Address; Age; Attitude; Award; Beets; Behavior; Body mass index; Child; Child Behavior; Communicable Diseases; Complex; Crowding; Data; Development; Diet; Exhibits; Family; Fellowship; Goals; Health; Health Promotion; Health behavior; Home; Household; Income; Individual; Infant Mortality; Intervention; Interview; K-Series Research Career Programs; Link; Low income; Malnutrition; Neighborhoods; Obesity; Outcome; Parents; Physical activity; Population; Public Health; Qualitative Methods; Sampling; Schools; Sleep; Strenuous Exercise; Techniques; Testing; Time; Weight; Weight Gain; Work; cohort; deviant; experience; food insecurity; healthy weight; housing instability; improved; innovation; insight; lower income families; novel; obesity in children; obesogenic; parent grant; peer; programs; public health intervention; sedentary; tv watching; walkability

Abstract An emerging body of evidence suggests children gain more weight during the 3-month summer vacation than they do during the entire 9-month school year. This accelerated weight gain during summer is disproportionately higher among children from low-income families compared to their higher-income peers. Studies of children who respond positively to summer (i.e., maintain or lose weight, increase activity/sleep, reduce screen time, improve diet) can provide insight into what enables some children to overcome barriers linked to accelerated weight-gain during summer, while others do not. To address this important question, I will employ the Positive Deviance framework and apply it to childhood obesity.The Positive Deviance (PD) framework proposes that within any population, there are those who manage to engage in healthy behaviors despite experiencing similar obstacles as those who do not. The PD framework has been used to solve complex public health issues such as malnutrition, infant mortality, and infectious diseases. Positive deviance identifies individuals quantitatively and utilizes quantitative analyses and qualitative interviewing techniques to discover what innovative strategies PDs use to overcome barriers to improving their health. The objectives of this F31 Diversity Fellowship application are to identify neighborhood, home, parent, and child-level factors, using the PD framework, that are associated with healthful changes in children’s obesogenic behaviors – Moderate-Vigorous Physical Activity, Sedentary time, Sleep, and Diet - and changes in weight during summer. To accomplish these objectives, this study will leverage data from a large observational cohort (R01- DK116665, PI Beets) comparing changes in weight & obesogenic behaviors of low and high-income elementary-age children during school and summer vacation. The proposed study will purposively sample, from the existing cohort of 673 children, individuals who display favorable outcomes during summer. I will define PDs as children who exhibit favorable changes in BMI Z-score (zBMI) from school to summer. Quantitative analyses will assess associations between neighborhood, home, parent, and child-level factors with changes in zBMI and health behaviors. Qualitative methods, grounded in the PD Framework, will identify strategies utilized by the parents of PD children that are not present among parents of children who exhibit the least healthy changes in weight and obesogenic behaviors. The results of this F31 will be used to support the development of novel interventions to be tested in a F32 award application upon completion of the doctoral program.

摘要 一项新的证据表明，孩子们在为期3个月的暑假中增加的体重比 他们在整个九个月的学年里都在做。夏季体重的加速增加 低收入家庭的儿童与高收入家庭的同龄人相比，这一比例高得不成比例。 对对夏季反应积极的儿童的研究（即，保持或减轻体重，增加活动/睡眠， 减少屏幕时间，改善饮食）可以深入了解是什么使一些儿童克服障碍 与夏季体重增加加速有关，而其他人则没有。为了回答这个重要问题，我将 采用正偏差框架并将其应用于儿童肥胖。正偏差（PD） 该框架提出，在任何人群中，都有人设法从事健康行为 尽管他们也经历了与那些没有经历过类似的障碍。PD框架已用于解决 营养不良、婴儿死亡率和传染病等复杂的公共卫生问题。正向偏差 定量地确定个人，并利用定量分析和定性访谈技术， 发现PD使用哪些创新策略来克服改善健康的障碍。的目标 这个F31多样性奖学金申请是为了确定邻里，家庭，父母，和儿童层面的因素， 使用PD框架，与儿童肥胖行为的健康变化相关- 中等强度的体力活动，久坐时间，睡眠和饮食-以及夏季体重的变化。 为了实现这些目标，本研究将利用来自大型观察性队列（R 01-R 02）的数据。 DK 116665，PI甜菜），比较低收入和高收入人群的体重和致肥行为变化。 小学学龄儿童在学校和暑假期间。拟议的研究将有目的地抽样， 从现有的673名儿童的队列中，这些儿童在夏季表现出良好的结果。我会 将PD定义为从学校到夏季BMI Z评分（zBMI）出现有利变化的儿童。 定量分析将评估邻里、家庭、父母和儿童层面因素之间的关联 zBMI和健康行为的变化。基于PD框架的定性方法将确定 PD儿童的父母使用的策略在表现出PD的儿童的父母中不存在 最不健康的体重变化和致胖行为。F31的结果将用于支持 开发新的干预措施，在完成博士学位后，在F32奖申请中进行测试 程序.