Examining a Brief Parent Intervention to Reduce College Student Drinking and Consequences

摘要 虽然大学危险饮酒的许多后果影响到学生自己（例如，宿醉， 尴尬，学者），其他问题，如受损驾驶（IMPD）危及公共安全 必须加以解决。报告显示：1）大学生“高强度”饮酒者（每人10杯以上） 有时）经历更多的问题，包括增加受损的驾驶，和2）虽然超过1.3 在美国，每年有100万名司机因驾驶障碍而被捕，他们只占1%。 据估计，每年有1.21亿次自我报告的驾驶受损事件。我们最近的NIAAA资助 研究确定了与大学生危险饮酒有关的具体父母行为， 这些后果在大学一级的家长干预措施中没有得到充分解决。这 研究显示：1）许多父母允许他们的青少年喝酒，试图采取神秘的 远离并提供机会教他们更安全的饮酒习惯; 2）父母的宽容 对未成年人饮酒，即使它是为了保护父母，有相反的 影响，并与整个大学期间饮酒和后果的增加显著相关; 其他积极的亲职行为并不能削弱父母宽容的影响 (e.g.,通信、监测）。作为回应，我们开发并试行了一个简短的15-20分钟 使用动机性访谈的原则来减少防御性的干预（P-Chat）， 改变父母的纵容。试点数据表明，我们有能力实施P-Chat， 忠诚;改变父母的意愿;最重要的是，改变父母的宽容 行为。这些数据为进行更大规模的综合研究提供了依据， P-Chat对降低学生危险饮酒的效果及其后果。我们建议的研究将 用一个非常严格的设计来测试P-Chat。目标1：评估效果 基线后3、6、9和12个月的P-Chat相对于严格的活性比较条件 (the原始循证PBI）、仅评估对照和联合干预条件 P-Chat + PBI（P-Chat+）;目标2：检查P-Chat影响父母行为的过程 宽容（和沟通）和大学生的行为（例如，动机，期望， 规范，并愿意消费酒精）使用一个完善的理论模型;和目标3： 检查P-Chat对哪些子组更有效，哪些更无效。我们的版主将是 基础广泛，注重基线学生特征（例如，性别、开始饮酒的年龄）和 亲本特性（例如，性别、年龄、教育、婚姻状况、监测）。的程度 如果研究成功，它将提供一种有效的方法来解决一个重要的公共卫生问题， 问题.

Abstract While many consequences of college risky drinking affect the students themselves (e.g., hangovers, embarrassment, academics), other problems such as impaired driving (IMPD) jeopardize public safety and must be addressed. Reports show: 1) college student “high-intensity” drinkers (10+ drinks per occasion) experience more problems, including increased impaired driving, and 2) although over 1.3 million drivers in the U.S. are arrested for impaired driving annually, they only represent 1% of the estimated 121 million self-reported episodes of impaired driving each year. Our recent NIAAA-funded research identified specific parenting behaviors related to college students’ risky drinking and consequences that are not being adequately addressed in college-level parent interventions. This research revealed: 1) many parents allow their teens to drink alcohol in an attempt to take the mystery away and provide opportunities to teach them safer drinking practices; 2) parental permissiveness toward underage drinking, even though it was intended to be protective by parents, had the opposite effect and was significantly associated with increased drinking and consequences throughout college; and 3) the effects of parental permissiveness was not attenuated by other positive parenting behaviors (e.g., communication, monitoring). In response, we developed and piloted a brief 15-20 minute intervention (P-Chat) that uses principles of Motivational Interviewing to reduce defensiveness and change parents’ permissiveness. The pilot data demonstrate our ability to implement the P-Chat with fidelity; modify parents’ willingness to change; and most importantly, change parents’ permissive behaviors. These data provide justification to warrant a larger-scale comprehensive study examining the effects of the P-Chat on reducing students’ risky drinking and consequences. Our proposed study will use an extremely rigorous design to test the P-Chat. The aims are as follows: Aim 1: Assess the effects of the P-Chat at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months post-baseline relative to a rigorous active comparison condition (the original evidence-based PBI), an assessment only-control, and a combined intervention condition the P-Chat plus the PBI (P-Chat+); Aim 2: Examine the process by which the P-Chat influences parents’ permissiveness (and communications) and college students’ behaviors (e.g., motives, expectancies, norms, and willingness to consume alcohol) using a well-developed theoretical model; and Aim 3: Examine subgroups for which the P-Chat is more effective versus less effective. Our moderators will be broadly based and focus on baseline student characteristics (e.g., sex, age of onset of alcohol use) and parent characteristics (e.g., sex, age, education, marital status, monitoring). To the extent that the research is successful, it will provide an efficacious approach to address an important public health problem.