Kinship, Nuptiality and Child Health Outcomes in a Low Income Urban Area

低收入城市地区的亲属关系、婚姻和儿童健康状况

• 批准号: 10447168
• 负责人: Sangeetha Madhavan
• 金额: $ 50.81万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-19 至 2025-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10447168
• 关键词: Africa; Africa South of the Sahara; African; Age; Biological; Breast Feeding; Child; Child Development; Child Health; Child Welfare; Communities; Data; Data Collection; Development; Divorce; Environmental Risk Factor; Equation; Etiology; Family; Fathers; Funding; Goals; Growth; Health; Health Services Accessibility; Household; Infant; Infant Health; Infrastructure; Intervention; Kenya; Legal; Longitudinal Studies; Low income; Marriage; Masks; Measures; Mediating; Mediation; Mental Health; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Mothers; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; Never Married; Nuptiality; Outcome; Pathway Analysis; Pattern; Personal Satisfaction; Process; Research; Risk; Role; Sampling; Scholarship; Site; Slum; Social Change; Socioeconomic Status; Surveys; System; Testing; Time; Trees; Urban Community; Urbanization; Variant; aged; base; cognitive development; cognitive testing; early childhood; family support; follow-up; improved; innovation; instrument; men; multidisciplinary; nutrition; public health relevance; residence; social; success; tool; urban area

Project Summary Despite significant progress in improving child survival, sub-Saharan Africa continues to have some of the worst outcomes for children’s physical growth and early childhood development. This is driven in large part by elevated risks for children living in low-income urban communities. Whereas research has focused on environmental factors, socioeconomic status and access to services, much less effort have gone into understanding how rapid social transformation in marriage and the role of kin impacts children’s well-being in these communities. In this project, we build on the success of an NICHD R21 project to develop and test the Kinship Support Tree (KST) to assess quantity and quality of support from kin to single mothers and their children in a slum context in Nairobi, Kenya. The proposed mixed methods, the longitudinal study develops a new measure of union formalization to examine the relationships among kinship support, union formalization and infant/child development outcomes. The union formalization measure will capture the process of recognizing unions socially and/or legally. The study will be carried out in the same site as the KST project. The site hosts a Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) which facilitates initial sample selection and provides strong infrastructure. We will conduct rigorous cognitive testing to finalize the questions on union formalization, validate existing relationship quality scales and pretest all instruments in the first year to inform the survey development. We will then start with 1250 children ages 0 – 24 months with mothers aged 18-29 and collect data on the children, mothers and selected kin two times per year over 3 years. Data on kin include geospatial indicators of residence and distance and multiple domains of kinship support. This will be supplemented with qualitative follow up once a year on a subsample of mothers, biological fathers, and current partners. Our analysis will focus on the direct effects of union formalization and kinship support on child outcomes as well as on a set of intermediate outcomes known to be associated with child development. We will use cross-lagged structural equation and growth models to examine the effects of union formalization and kinship support on children’s physical growth and early child development (ECD) over time. We will also assess the extent to which union formalization moderates the effect of kinship support on physical growth and ECD outcomes and kinship support mediates the effect of union formalization on physical growth and ECD outcomes. We will use moderated mediation models to accomplish this. The ultimate goal of the study is to identify models of family support that offer optimum protection for vulnerable mothers and young children.

项目摘要 尽管在改善儿童生存方面取得了重大进展，但撒哈拉以南非洲仍然存在一些 这对儿童的身体发育和幼儿发展造成了最坏的后果。这在很大程度上是由 生活在低收入城市社区的儿童面临更大的风险。尽管研究集中在 环境因素、社会经济地位和获得服务的机会，投入的努力要少得多 了解婚姻和亲属角色的快速社会变革如何影响儿童的福祉， 这些社区。在这个项目中，我们在NICHD R21项目的成功基础上开发和测试了 亲属支持树（KST），以评估亲属对单身母亲的支持的数量和质量， 肯尼亚内罗毕贫民窟的儿童。建议的混合方法，纵向研究开发了一个 一种新的工会形式化测量方法，考察了亲属支持、工会形式化 和婴儿/儿童发展成果。工会正规化措施将捕捉的过程， 在社会和/或法律上承认婚姻。该研究将在KST项目的同一地点进行。 该网站设有一个健康和人口监测系统，便于初步抽样选择 并提供强大的基础设施。我们将进行严格的认知测试，以最终确定关于工会的问题 正式化，验证现有的关系质量量表，并在第一年对所有工具进行预测试， 调查的发展。然后，我们将从1250名0 - 24个月的儿童和18-29岁的母亲开始 并在三年内每年两次收集关于儿童、母亲和选定亲属的数据。亲属数据包括 居住地和距离的地理空间指标以及亲属支持的多个领域。这将是 每年对母亲、生父和目前的母亲进行一次定性随访， 伙伴我们的分析将集中在工会正式化和亲属支持对儿童的直接影响 这些成果以及一系列已知与儿童发展有关的中间成果。我们 将使用交叉滞后结构方程和增长模型来研究工会正规化的影响， 亲属支持随着时间的推移对儿童身体发育和幼儿发展的影响。我们还将 评估工会正式化在多大程度上缓和了亲属支持对身体发育的影响， 幼儿发展结果和亲属支持是婚姻正规化对身体发育和幼儿发展影响的中介因素 结果。我们将使用适度的中介模型来实现这一点。研究的最终目的是 确定为弱势母亲和幼儿提供最佳保护的家庭支助模式。