Neural mechanisms of landmark-based navigation

基于地标的导航的神经机制

• 批准号: 10474369
• 负责人: RUSSELL A EPSTEIN
• 金额: $ 57.46万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-03-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10474369
• 关键词: Affect; Alzheimer' s Disease; Animal Behavior; Animals; Area; Brain; Brain region; Cells; Cities; Code; Cognition; Cognitive; Complex; Data; Diagnosis; Electrophysiology (science); Elements; Environment; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Funding; Goals; Grant; Hippocampus (Brain); Human; Imagination; Impairment; Individual Differences; Investigation; Knowledge; Literature; Location; Maps; Measures; Mediating; Mediation; Memory; Methods; Modeling; Neurodegenerative Disorders; Neurons; Neurosciences; Participant; Peer Review; Perception; Persons; Psychology; Publications; Research; Retrieval; Rodent; Role; Rotation; Route; Self-Help Devices; Signal Transduction; Site; Stroke; Structure; Support System; System; Testing; Vision; Work; base; behavior test; cognitive function; developmental psychology; imaging study; neuromechanism; normal aging; operation; rehabilitation strategy; relating to nervous system; virtual reality; way finding

Project Summary A fundamental aspect of our existence is the fact that we live in a spatially extended world. To survive and flourish in this world, we must have some method for navigating efficiently from place to place. The current project focuses on the neural mechanisms that underlie landmark- based navigation (LBN)—navigation that is guided by spatially stable elements of the environment. To implement LBN, a person must be able to 1) perceive the local environment, 2) use features of the local environment to determine their location and orientation in the world, and 3) plan a route that takes them from their current location to their navigational goal. In previous funding periods, we have used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and other methods to identify regions of the human brain that mediate these operations and to assign functional roles to these regions. Now we seek to integrate these findings to understand how these neural/cognitive components work together to implement LBN during realistic navigational episodes. In aim 1 we will identify the spatial representations that are simultaneously active in the human brain during dynamic navigation, including representations of location and heading, and representations of the navigational goal. In aim 2 we seek to understand the remapping mechanisms that allow a navigator to negotiate a complex world that contains multiple local environments. In aim 3 we will delineate the reorientation mechanisms that allow a navigator to establish (or re-establish) their sense of place and direction after losing their bearings. Together, these operations—knowing where we are in the world and the location of our goal, distinguishing between different spatial environments, and recovering our bearings when we are disoriented—constitute core elements of spatial navigation. Understanding the neural mechanisms that underlie these elements would be a major and sustained intellectual advance in an area that has long been a central topic of investigation in psychology and neuroscience.

项目摘要 我们存在的一个基本方面是我们生活在一个空间扩展的世界中。到 在这个世界上生存和繁荣，我们必须有一些有效的导航方法， 一个地方一个地方目前的项目集中在神经机制，基础的里程碑- 基于导航（LBN）-导航是由空间稳定的元素， 环境要实施LBN，一个人必须能够1）感知当地环境，2） 使用本地环境的特征来确定它们在世界上的位置和方向， 以及3）规划将他们从其当前位置带到其导航目标的路线。在 在之前的资助期间，我们使用了功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）， 其他方法来识别人类大脑中介导这些操作的区域， 为这些区域分配职能角色。现在我们试图整合这些发现， 这些神经/认知组件如何协同工作，以实现LBN在现实的 导航剧集。在aim 1中，我们将识别 在动态导航过程中同时活跃在人脑中，包括表示 位置和航向，以及导航目标的表示。在目标2中，我们寻求 理解重新映射机制，使导航员能够在复杂的世界中进行谈判， 包含多个本地环境。在目标3中，我们将描述重新定位机制 这使得导航员在迷失方向后能够建立（或重新建立）他们的位置和方向感， 他们的方向总之，这些行动-知道我们在世界上的位置和位置 我们的目标，区分不同的空间环境，并恢复我们的轴承 当我们迷失方向的时候--构成了空间导航的核心要素。了解 构成这些元素基础的神经机制将是一种主要的、持续的智力活动， 这一领域的进展长期以来一直是心理学研究的中心议题， 神经科学