High Frequency Wearable and Transparent Electrostrictive Row-Column Arrays for Whole Brain Functional Imaging

项目摘要/摘要部分 在此输入文本，它是您的应用程序的新摘要信息。此部分不得超过30行文本。 我们提出了一种新的偏置可切换行-列2D超声换能器阵列技术，用于全脑功能活动的3D超声和光声成像，有可能成为一种可穿戴的形式，用于清醒和运动的动物。它们可以被开发成高频阵列，甚至是透明的变种，应该可以使光学和超声成像的分辨率降到30微米，接近单个神经元的规模。与以前需要导线连接到每个换能器元件的2D阵列技术不同，我们的方法只需要行和列寻址，但允许使用新的电致伸缩偏置开关方法从阵列的每个元件读出。这项技术有望实现第一次对清醒和活动的啮齿动物的整个大脑进行血液流动变化、血氧变化，甚至神经元活动的体积功能脑成像。该阵列为涉及光学和声学方法的下一代神经科学实验提供了巨大的潜力，包括未来将功能超声和光声成像与光遗传学相结合的工作、对神经元活动的遗传编码报告器的光学显微镜、超声波神经刺激、超声血脑屏障破坏药物输送等。这些阵列具有相当大的转换潜力，用于未来神经外科、新生儿的人类受试者成像，并有可能用于纵向功能脑成像的植入式设备。我们的研究方法包括精心设计和制造这些高频阵列，并特别注意透明变体。我们还开发了新的成像方案，并在可编程超声系统上实现了这些方案。测试将包括阵列表征、成像模体、表达近红外(NIR)基因编码的神经元钙活动报告器的成像细胞。如果成功，未来的工作将继续实施动物成像实验，旨在可视化由于胡须刺激在麻醉和清醒运动的动物中的脑功能成像。

Project Summary/Abstract Section Enter the text here that is the new abstract information for your application. This section must be no longer than 30 lines of text. We propose the development of a novel bias-switchable row-column 2D ultrasound transducer array technology for 3D ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging of whole-brain functional activity with potential for a wearable format for awake and moving animals. These can be developed into high- frequency arrays and even transparent variants that should allow optical and ultrasonic imaging down to resolutions of 30 microns, approaching single-neuron scales. Unlike previous 2D array technologies that require wires connecting to each transducer element, our approach requires only row- and column addressing, yet permits readout from every element of the array using novel electrostrictive bias switching approaches. The technology promises first-of-it’s kind volumetric functional brain imaging of blood-flow changes, blood oxygenation changes, and even neuron activity over the whole brains of awake and moving rodents. The array offers significant potential for next-generation neuroscience experiments involving both optical and acoustic methods, including future work combining functional ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging with optogenetics, optical microscopy of genetically-encoded reporters of neuron activity, ultrasound neuro-stimulation, ultrasound blood-brain barrier disruption for drug delivery, and more. The arrays have considerable translational potential for future human subject imaging in neurosurgeries, neonates, and with potential for implantable devices for longitudinal functional brain imaging. Our research methods include careful design and fabrication of these high-frequency arrays with special attention to transparent variants. We also develop novel imaging schemes and implement these schemes on programmable ultrasound systems. Testing will include array characterization, imaging phantoms, imaging cells expressing near-infrared (NIR) genetically-encoded reporters of neuron Calcium activity. If successful, future work will go on to implement animal imaging experiments aiming to visualize functional brain imaging due to whisker stimulation in both anesthetized and awake- moving animals.