Low-Dose Exposure to Ionizing Radiation in Adulthood and Subsequent Cancer

成年期低剂量电离辐射暴露和随后的癌症

• 批准号: 10489839
• 负责人: DAVID B RICHARDSON
• 金额: $ 35.2万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-09-20 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10489839
• 关键词: Accounting; Acute; Address; Adult; Age; Aging; American; Animals; Cancer Etiology; Carcinogens; Cells; Cities; Cohort Studies; Computational Biology; Costs and Benefits; Decision Making; Diagnostic; Dose; Dose-Rate; Effectiveness; Elderly; Exposure to; France; Future; Health; Individual; International; Ionizing radiation; Japanese; Laboratory Study; Literature; Low Dose Radiation; Malignant Neoplasms; Modeling; Monitor; Organism; Persons; Population; Predisposition; Procedures; Radiation; Radiation Dose Unit; Radiation Monitoring; Radiation Protection; Radiation exposure; Radiation-Induced Cancer; Radiation-Protective Agents; Recommendation; Risk; Risk Assessment; Risk Estimate; Role; Site; Source; Survivors; Time; Tissues; Translations; Uncertainty; United Kingdom; Update; Variant; War; Work; age effect; age related; atomic bomb; base; cancer epidemiology; cancer risk; cancer site; cancer type; clinical diagnostics; cohort; epidemiology study; follow-up; improved; innovation; irradiation; lifetime risk; mortality risk; radiation risk

ABSTRACT Unlike most carcinogens, which have been reduced or removed once recognized, ionizing radiation exposure has increased in the USA over the last 3 decades. The typical American's annual radiation dose has doubled over that period primarily due to increasing exposure to radiation from diagnostic medical procedures, such as CT exams. The doses from such procedures are typically quite low, but may be repeated over time and increase over adulthood. The aim of this project is to strengthen understanding of cancer risk associated with repeated, low dose exposure to ionizing radiation in adulthood. Among the most promising epidemiological studies of cancer risk following low dose ionizing radiation exposures are cohort studies of people who have been individually monitored for radiation exposure through personal radiation dosimeters. We have assembled an international cohort of 308,000 radiation dosimeter-monitored workers from some of the world's most informative cohorts in the United Kingdom, France, and USA. Here we propose major updates of each these cohorts and an innovative set of analyses to directly address questions relevant to radiation protection and decision making regarding low dose rate external ionizing radiation exposures. Specifically, we propose to assess: 1) cancer site-specific ionizing radiation risks; 2) age-related changes in susceptibility to low dose ionizing radiation; 3) persistence with time since exposure in excess relative rate of cancer among older adults, accounting for competing risks; and, 4) population-level estimates of the impact of low dose ionizing radiation exposures on cancer risk. The proposed study is likely to exert a sustained influence on the field and make a major contribution to national and international radiation protection recommendations. The evidence from the proposed study will help to inform cost-benefit assessments, and understanding of the role of increasing exposures to ionizing radiation on cancer rates.

摘要 与大多数致癌物质不同，一旦发现， 在过去的30年里在美国有所增加。典型的美国人的年辐射剂量增加了一倍 在此期间，主要是由于越来越多的辐射暴露于诊断医疗程序，如 CT检查。来自此类程序的剂量通常相当低，但可随时间重复， 在成年期增加。 该项目的目的是加强对与重复、低剂量相关的癌症风险的理解 成年期的电离辐射。在最有希望的癌症风险流行病学研究中， 在低剂量电离辐射暴露之后， 通过个人辐射剂量计监测辐射暴露。我们召集了一个国际性的 来自世界上一些信息量最丰富的队列的308，000名辐射剂量计监测工人的队列， 英国、法国和美国。在这里，我们提出了每个这些队列的主要更新和一个 直接处理与辐射防护和决策有关问题的一套创新分析 关于低剂量率外部电离辐射照射。具体而言，我们建议评估：1）癌症 特定地点的电离辐射风险; 2）与年龄有关的对低剂量电离辐射敏感性的变化; 3） 随着时间的推移，由于暴露在老年人中癌症的相对比率过高， 竞争性风险;以及4）低剂量电离辐射照射对人类健康的影响的人口级估计 癌症风险。这项拟议中的研究可能会对该领域产生持续的影响， 为国家和国际辐射防护建议做出贡献。来自 拟议的研究将有助于为成本效益评估提供信息， 电离辐射对癌症发病率的影响。