The Effects of Workplace Social Status on Minority Health Disparities

项目摘要/摘要 人们早就知道，工作场所的工作级别与一系列健康状况有关 结果，包括发病率和预期寿命。我们提出的项目将扩展对以下方面的研究 工作场所的社会地位作为健康的决定因素，通过考察广泛的 社会地位衡量标准和健康结果分别按种族、民族和性别分类。我们会 考察工作场所的收入不平等是否会加剧就业排名的影响 关于少数群体健康差距，以及工人和公司之间的人口结构同质性 管理者是健康的社会决定因素。为了做到这一点，我们将使用一个新的数据库，将健康 保险登记记录和医疗索赔到行政收入数据超过1.8 犹他州有数百万工人和5万家公司。使用广泛的公司集合将使我们能够将 企业内部社会地位指标对财务资源的影响。 我们将考虑两个不同的研究设计来评估工作场所的社会地位是否具有因果关系 对健康的影响。第一个将利用由以下因素对工作场所社会地位造成的准实验性冲击 企业合并、拆分以及改变工人晋升的特定行业国际贸易冲击 费率。第二项研究将考察工人跳槽时社会地位变化对健康的影响。 为了解释社会地位变化的内生性，我们将构建工具变量 基于劳动力市场的网络统计数据。我们将把每个员工与他们的同事联系起来，并且 根据每个工人的前同事的变化来衡量社会地位变化的工具 他也换了工作。我们将使用这个设计来理解求职推荐网络的重要性 关于劳动力市场机会的分离，这可能会对少数群体造成结构性障碍 工人逃离心理和身体上的工作场所危险。最后，我们将员工链接到他们的 劳动力中的成年子女量化代际健康差距的持久性 通过工作场所社会地位渠道运作，以及该渠道如何为结构性 种族和民族健康差距。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Employment rank within workplaces has long been known to be correlated with a wide a range of health outcomes, including morbidity and life expectancy. Our proposed project will extend the research on workplace social status as a determinant of health by examining the associations between a wide range of social status measures and health outcomes separately by race, ethnicity, and gender. We will examine whether inequality in earnings within workplaces exacerbates the impacts of employment rank on minority health disparities, and whether demographic homophily between workers and firm managers is a social determinant of health. To do this we will use a novel database that links health insurance enrollment records and medical claims to administrative earnings data for more than 1.8 million workers and 50,000 firms in Utah. Using a broad set of firms will allow us to separate the impacts of financial resources from within-firm social status measures. We will consider two distinct research designs to evaluate whether workplace social status has a causal effect of health. The first will leverage quasi-experimental shocks to workplace social status caused by firm mergers, splits, and by industry-specific international trade shocks that alter worker promotion rates. The second will examine the health impacts of changes in social status when workers move jobs. To account for the endogeneity of changes in social status we will construct instrumental variables based on network statistics from the labor market. We will connect each worker to their coworkers, and instrument for changes in social status measures with the changes of each worker’s former coworkers who also changed jobs. We will use this design to understand the importance of job referral networks on the segregation of labor market opportunities, which can create structural barriers to minority workers escaping psychosocial and physical workplace hazards. Finally, we will link workers to their adult children in the workforce to quantify the intergenerational persistence of health disparities that operates through the workplace social status channel, and how this channel contributes to structural racial and ethnic health disparities.