Distilling the relationship of parental psychiatric illness to offspring productivity and social outcomes: evidence base for preventive strategies

提炼父母精神疾病与后代生产力和社会结果的关系：预防策略的证据基础

• 批准号: 10506724
• 负责人: Ashley Nordsletten
• 金额: $ 7.8万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-30 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10506724
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Affect; Area; Attention; Behavioral; Characteristics; Child; Child Health; Child Rearing; Child Support; Cognitive; Conduct Disorder; Data; Data Analyses; Data Set; Data Sources; Development; Diagnosis; Diagnostic; Disease; Dissection; Divorce; Education; Educational Background; Educational Status; Emotional; Employment; Ensure; Environment; Etiology; Face; Failure; Family; Fathers; Generations; Genetic; Goals; Growth; Health; Heritability; Impairment; Income; Individual; Intervention; Investigation; Left; Life; Life Cycle Stages; Life Expectancy; Link; Literature; Measures; Mediating; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Mental disorders; Mentally Ill Persons; Mothers; Occupational; Outcome; Parents; Partner in relationship; Pathway interactions; Personal Satisfaction; Play; Population; Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders; Prevention strategy; Productivity; Psychiatric Diagnosis; Psychopathology; Public Health; Research; Research Design; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Risk Factors; Role; Sampling; Schizophrenia; Schools; Shapes; Signal Transduction; Social Behavior; Social outcome; Socioeconomic Status; Spouses; Stress; Structure; Substance abuse problem; Suicide; Variant; Work; child bearing; design; early childhood; emerging adult; emotion regulation; evidence base; experience; family structure; family support; father role; high risk; insight; interest; intergenerational; knowledge base; negative affect; next generation; novel; offspring; parental role; physical conditioning; postnatal; power analysis; psychologic; self esteem; sex; skill acquisition; skills; social; social anxiety; social engagement; socioeconomic disadvantage; socioeconomics; success

PROJECT SUMMARY It is well established that parents play a critical role in setting the life trajectory of their children: predisposing their academic and social engagement, and ensuring an environment conducive to healthy development and goal fulfilment. Skills that will form the basis for social and socioeconomic success (e.g., attention, interpersonal ability), begin to shape early in life, with familial risk factors - such as low parental income, education, or health – negatively affecting such skill development. Children who face either more, or more long-term risk, factors are more likely to experience negative impacts extending from productivity (e.g., educational achievement), to socio- behavioural functioning (e.g., criminality), and the attendant challenges of each (e.g., reduced employment stability, impaired physical and mental health, lower life-expectancy) Prior research has suggested a particular relationship between parental mental illness and diminished outcomes across these domains in the next generation. However, the common practice of distinctly investigating maternal or (less commonly) paternal mental health – as opposed to unified investigation of the whole family unit - has limited insight into sex-differential effects and precluded investigation of risk dynamics by parent’s individual (or, where both parents are affected, combined) diagnoses. Further, the relative importance of parental mental health, as compared to alternative features with known impacts on child health and life opportunity (e.g., family socioeconomic status, offspring’s own mental health), remains largely unexplored. This fragmented approach has left, unquantified, the mechanistic role of parental mental health in cross-generational life outcomes – a point of public health concern given (1) the relationship of these outcomes (e.g., years of education, employment stability, criminality) to both the quality and duration of life, (2) the high proportion of Western children living with at least one mentally ill parent (11-18.2%), and (3) the rising rates of stress, mental illness, and related outcomes (e.g., suicide), among adults in these populations. The current project aims to assess the degree to which psychiatric disorders in parents impact key life outcomes (educational attainment, occupational stability, criminality) in the next generation, via analyses which allow these relationships to be enumerated and the underlying mechanisms parsed. Our aims – to 1) quantify the association of parental psychopathology (dual- vs. single-affected families; within vs. cross-disorder pairings) with offspring outcomes across the life-course; 2) assess the potentially differential effects of specific disorders on these associations; 3) examine the relationship of genetics and environment to these outcomes; and 4) disentangle the pathways through which familial environments interplay with offspring characteristics to impact the associations under study – have been designed to provide the mechanistic data needed to inform preventive strategies, aimed at parenting and family support to intervene in the relationship between parental mental health and children’s life outcomes.

项目总结 众所周知，父母在设定孩子的生活轨迹方面扮演着关键的角色：易感 他们的学术和社会参与，并确保有利于健康发展和 目标实现。将构成社会和社会经济成功的基础的技能(例如，注意力、人际关系 能力)，在生命早期就开始形成，带有家庭危险因素--如父母低收入、低教育或低健康 --对这类技能的发展产生负面影响。面临更多或更长期风险的儿童的因素是 更有可能经历从生产力(例如，教育成就)到社会- 行为功能(如犯罪)及其带来的挑战(如就业减少 稳定性、身心健康受损、预期寿命降低) 先前的研究表明，父母的精神疾病和智力减退之间存在特殊的关系 下一代这些领域的成果。然而，明显的普遍做法是 调查母亲或(不太常见)父亲的心理健康--而不是统一调查 整个家庭单位-对性别差异影响的洞察力有限，排除了对风险动态的调查 由父母的个人(或者，如果父母双方都受到影响，则是合并的)诊断。此外，相对的 父母心理健康的重要性，与已知对儿童健康有影响的替代特征进行比较 和生活机会(例如，家庭的社会经济地位、子女自身的心理健康)在很大程度上仍然存在 未被开发的。这种支离破碎的方法留下了父母心理健康的机械性作用，但没有量化 跨代生活结果--公共卫生关注点：(1)这些结果之间的关系 (例如，受教育年限、就业稳定性、犯罪行为)对生活质量和持续时间的影响，(2)高 与至少一位患有精神疾病的父母一起生活的西方儿童的比例(11-18.2%)，以及(3) 压力、精神疾病和相关后果(如自杀)，在这些人群中的成年人。 目前的项目旨在评估父母的精神障碍对关键生活的影响程度。 下一代的结果(教育程度、职业稳定性、犯罪率)，通过分析 允许枚举这些关系并解析底层机制。我们的目标--量化 父母精神病理学的关联(双亲家庭与单亲家庭；内障碍与交叉障碍 配对)与后代在整个生命过程中的结局；2)评估特定的 3)检查遗传和环境与这些结果的关系； 以及4)理清家庭环境与后代特征相互作用的途径 对正在研究的关联的影响--旨在提供所需的机械数据，以便 预防策略，旨在干预父母养育和家庭支持之间的关系 心理健康和儿童的生活结果。