The neural basis of touch and proprioreception in the primate orofacial sensorimotor cortex

灵长类口面部感觉运动皮层触觉和本体感受的神经基础

• 批准号: 10543656
• 负责人: Fritzie Arce-McShane
• 金额: $ 54.38万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-12-23 至 2023-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10543656
• 关键词: neural; basis; touch; proprioreception; primate

PROJECT SUMMARY There is a fundamental gap in understanding the cortical representations and integration of tactile and proprio- ceptive sensations accompanying bodily movements in general and oromotor behavior in particular. This repre- sents an important problem because until it is understood, the mechanisms underlying orofacial pain, sensorimo- tor impairments, and sensorimotor integration will remain largely incomprehensible. The goal of the proposed research is to dissociate the cortical representations of touch and proprioception during natural feeding behavior by using an innovative sequence of nerve blocks together with multi-electrode array recordings and 3D tracking of tongue and jaw movements in non-human primates. The tongue is a unique structure for investigating this because it is in constant motion and assumes various postures when touching other oral structures (e.g., teeth, palate, and gingiva) during feeding. More importantly, the tactile and proprioceptive afferent fibers innervating the tongue enter the central nervous system separately in trigeminal (lingual nerve branch) and hypoglossal cranial nerves, respectively. Such unique anatomy enables experimental dissociation of touch and propriocep- tion. The central hypothesis is that tongue posture and contact with other oral structures are reflected in the proprioception- and tactile-related responses of neurons in the primary somatosensory (SIo) and primary motor (MIo) areas of the orofacial sensorimotor cortex (OSMcx). This hypothesis will be tested by pursuing three spe- cific aims: (1) determine how information about tongue posture and contact with other oral structures is encoded in MIo and SIo during natural feeding by eliminating tactile stimuli to the tongue and surrounding oral structures through sequential nerve blocks to the maxillary and mandibular sensory branches of the trigeminal nerve, (2) dissociate the neurons’ motor response from a proprioceptive response by using intracortical microstimulation (ICMS) to evoke muscle twitches while tactile inputs to the tongue and other oral structures are blocked, and (3) characterize the functional connectivity between tactile- and proprioceptive-related regions in OSMcx by spectral coherence analysis and by the effects of low-intensity ICMS of a tactile region on a proprioceptive one and vice versa. The proposed research uses an innovative approach that leverages the unique sensory innervation of the oral region by different cranial nerves and integrates the simultaneous neural recording and tracking of the tongue and jaw movements in 3D. The proposed research is significant because it will bridge the results of decades of research on cortical representation of oral somatosensation and on the biomechanics of tongue/jaw movements during oromotor behavior, thus filling an important gap in the field. The knowledge gained from this work will lay the groundwork for future studies on oral somatosensation, pain mechanisms, and sensorimotor integration. Ultimately such knowledge has the potential to inform the development of strategies for treatment of sensory impairments associated with dental implants, trigeminal neuralgia, temporomandibular disorders, orofa- cial pain, and for the restoration of sensory feedback for use in brain-machine interface.

项目摘要 理解触觉和原则的皮质表现形式和整合存在根本差距 尤其是在身体运动中，尤其是人体运动涉及的牵连感觉。这个代表 - 发送一个重要的问题，因为在理解之前，口面疼痛的机制 TOR障碍和感觉运动整合将在很大程度上难以理解。提议的目标 研究是在自然喂养行为期间解离触摸和本体感受的皮质表示 通过使用创新的神经块序列以及多电极阵列记录和3D跟踪 非人类隐私中的舌头和下巴动作。舌头是调查此事的独特结构 因为它是恒定的运动，并且在接触其他口服结构时（例如牙齿， 喂食期间的口感和金黄瓦）。更重要的是，触觉和本体感受传入纤维支配 舌头分别进入三叉神经（舌神经分支）和降压体的中枢神经系统 颅神经分别。这种独特的解剖结构可以实验触摸和原理解离 tion。中心假设是舌姿势和与其他口服结构的接触反映在 主要体感（SIO）和主电机中神经元的本体感受和触觉相关反应 （MIO）口面感觉运动皮层（OSMCX）的区域。该假设将通过追求三个SPE- 基本目的：（1）确定如何编码有关舌姿势和与其他口服结构的信息 在自然喂养过程中，通过消除对舌头和周围口服结构的触觉刺激，在自然喂养过程中 通过连续神经块到三叉神经的上颌和下颌感觉分支，（2） 通过使用皮质内微刺激，将神经元的运动反应与本体感受反应分离 （ICMS）唤起肌肉抽搐，而舌头和其他口服结构的触觉输入被阻塞，并且（3） 通过光谱表征OSMCX中触觉和本体感受相关区域之间的功能连通性 相干分析以及触觉区域的低强度ICM对本体感受的影响和恶化 Versa。拟议的研究使用了一种创新的方法，该方法利用了独特的感官神经 通过不同的颅神经进行口头区域，并整合了同时的神经记录和跟踪 舌头和下颌动作3D。拟议的研究很重要，因为它将弥合 关于口服体质的皮质代表和舌头/下巴生物力学的数十年研究 Oromotor行为过程中的运动，从而填补了田间的重要空白。从中获得的知识 工作将为未来的口服节感，疼痛机制和感觉运动奠定基础 一体化。最终，这种知识有可能告知战略的制定 与牙齿的感官障碍，三叉神经痛，颞下颌疾病，orofa-相关的障碍 疼痛，以及恢复用于脑机界面的感觉反馈。