Enhancing experimental rigor through education in evidence synthesis

项目摘要/摘要 现在发表的研究比历史上任何时候都多，而且全世界都可以访问这些研究。 由于研究的迅速扩散，对个人来说，即使不是不可能，也很难跟上时代的潮流 可能影响研究和循证实践的重要发现。然而，拥有一个全面的 对文献的理解是推进知识进步的基础。这使得研究人员能够识别 现有的知识差距，以便他们能够设计新的研究来推动该领域的发展。一种方法 要做到这一点，可以通过严格的证据合成，或系统的方法来收集和分析 结果来自多个来源。在实践中，证据合成的使用需要改进，因为它们经常 管理和报告不力，这对公众健康产生了严重的下游影响。虽然有足够的资金 目前可供研究人员使用的资源，这些资源未得到充分利用，可能无法完全获取 所有可能从中受益的个人。 国家神经疾病和中风研究所(NINDS)致力于提高基础知识 通过及时传播神经疾病领域的科学发现。这项任务，跨越 翻译光谱，得到了证据合成技能的全面支持，这可以防止浪费 在研究投资方面。随着对大脑和神经系统的了解迅速发展，这一领域的科学家 必须高度反应地改变当前的知识，以确保他们的工作是相关的。培训中的 证据合成的技巧使这一点成为可能。 因此，本提案的目的是开发、评估和传播一系列教育模块 关于科学的严格方法，侧重于证据合成。建议的单元将包括(1)和 证据合成导论，(2)提出研究问题和建议，(3)设计文献 搜索，(4)进行证据合成，(5)分析来自证据合成的数据，以及(6)报告 证据合成的结果。这些模块将被设计成供不同水平的学习者使用 (入门、中级和高级)，并在翻译范围(基础科学、临床)中应用 科学和公共卫生)。模块的开发、评估和传播将通过迭代进行 在多个利益相关者(专家和非专业人员)之间进行审查和反馈的过程，以创建有用的 和全面的最终产品。 有机会通过所有人都能接触到的平台改进证据合成技术的使用 感兴趣的科学家在提高科学严谨性和最终改善公共健康方面具有巨大的潜力。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT More research is being published now than any other time in history and that research is accessible worldwide. Due to the rapid proliferation of research, it can be difficult if not impossible for an individual to stay abreast of important findings which can impact research and evidence-based practice. Yet, having a comprehensive understanding of the literature is foundational to advancing knowledge. This allows a researcher to identify existing gaps in knowledge so that they can design new research to advance the area forward. One way to achieve this is through a rigorous evidence synthesis, or a systematic approach to gathering and analyzing results from multiple sources. In practice, the use of evidence syntheses requires improvement, as they are often poorly conducted and reported, which has serious downstream impacts on public health. While there are ample resources currently available to researchers on the topic, they are underutilized and may not be fully accessible to all individuals who may benefit from them. The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) seeks to improve fundamental knowledge through timely dissemination of scientific discoveries in the area of neurological disease. This mission, across the translational spectrum, is fully supported by enhancing skills in evidence synthesis, which can prevent waste in research investment. As knowledge of the brain and nervous system advances rapidly, scientists in this area have to be highly reflexive to changing current knowledge to ensure that their work is relevant. Training in the skills of evidence synthesis enables this. Accordingly, the aim of this proposal is to develop, evaluate, and disseminate a series of educational modules on rigorous approaches to science focused on evidence synthesis. The proposed modules will cover (1) an introduction to evidence synthesis, (2) developing a research question and proposal, (3) designing literature searches, (4) conducting an evidence synthesis, (5) analyzing data from an evidence synthesis, and (6) reporting results from an evidence synthesis. The modules will be designed to be utilized by different levels of learners (introductory, intermediate, and advanced) and apply across the translational spectrum (basic science, clinical science, and public health). Module development, evaluation, and dissemination will occur with an iterative process of review and feedback across multiple stakeholders (experts and lay persons alike) to create a useful and comprehensive final product. The opportunity to improve the use of evidence synthesis techniques through a platform that is accessible to all interested scientists has significant potential to enhance scientific rigor, and ultimately, improve public health.