Surround-mediated temporal and spatial filtering by retinal ganglion receptive fields shape the information encoded in the output of the retina.

项目摘要 科学家们开始解码神经回路的语言， 感知的功能是由检测、处理和传递刺激信息的电路来定义的。在视觉上， 理解刺激在视网膜输出端的表现方式以及这种表现方式 随着光照条件的变化是确定传递到皮层的信息内容的关键。视网膜 神经节细胞（RGC）负责执行视网膜中的最后电路计算， 产生并传递光信息到大脑皮层。研究资助局的一个重要特点是 感受野具有中心-周围拮抗作用。这些类型的电路是由横向 抑制，因此在周围检测到的刺激调节在中心检测到的刺激。以来 视网膜中心-周围拮抗作用的最初发现，已在多个模型中显示 围绕相互作用的物种是光依赖的。虽然研究已经开始揭示电路 机制负责光依赖性的感受野，我们仍然缺乏一个完整的 了解感受野的空间和时间特征如何随光照条件变化。我 我建议研究光如何控制由感受野介导的空间和时间过滤 以及它如何塑造灵长类视网膜的最终输出。在目标1中，我将测量光 环境介导的过滤的依赖性，并确定在 视网膜输出水平。Aim 2将确定电路布线如何确定对内部和外部 侧抑制的来源和调节周围环境强度的其他光依赖机制 在空间和时间域的调制。充分了解动态特性， 灵长类动物视网膜中的环境介导过滤不仅增加了我们对侧抑制如何 影响感觉编码和检测，但重要的是，也将提供新的见解，如何视网膜 电路定义了人类感知的极限。

Project Abstract Scientists are starting to decode the languages of neural circuits and are finding that the limits of perception are defined by the circuits that detect, process, and relay stimuli information. In vision, understanding the how a stimulus is represented at the output of the retina and how that representation changes with light conditions is key to defining the information content passed to the cortex. Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are responsible for performing the last circuit computations in the retina and generating and relaying light information to the cortex. A defining feature of RGC sensitivity is a receptive field with center-surround antagonism. These types of circuits are mediated by lateral inhibition so that stimuli detected in the surround modulate those detected in the center. Since the original discovery of center-surround antagonism in the retina, it has been shown in multiple model species that surround interactions are light dependent. While studies have begun to reveal the circuit mechanisms responsible for the light dependence of receptive fields, we still lack a complete understanding of how spatial and temporal features of receptive fields change with light conditions. I propose to study how light controls the spatial- and temporal-filtering mediated by the receptive field surround and how that shapes the final output of primate retina. In Aim1 I will measure the light dependence of the surround-mediated filtering and determine the functional detections limits at the level of retinal output. Aim2 will identify how circuit routing determines access to inner and outer sources of lateral inhibition and other light dependent mechanisms adjusting the strength of surround modulations in the spatial and temporal domains. Fully understanding the dynamic properties of surround-mediating filtering in primate retina not only adds to our understanding of how lateral inhibition affects sensory encoding and detection, but importantly, will also provide new insights into how retinal circuits define the limits of human perception.