Defining molecular contributions of LINE-1 retrotransposons to AD / ADRD

定义 LINE-1 逆转录转座子对 AD / ADRD 的分子贡献

• 批准号: 10518515
• 负责人: John Paul LaCava
• 金额: $ 77.99万
• 依托单位: ROCKEFELLER UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-15 至 2027-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10518515
• 关键词: Age; Aging; Alzheimer' s Disease; Alzheimer' s disease pathology; Alzheimer' s disease patient; Alzheimer' s disease related dementia; Astrocytes; Autopsy; Biological; Biological Assay; Biological Models; Brain; Cause of Death; Cell Aging; Cell Culture Techniques; Cell Nucleus; Cells; Cerebrospinal Fluid; Chromosomal Instability; Chronic stress; Clinical; Cytoplasmic Granules; Cytosol; DNA; DNA Damage; DNA replication fork; Data; Detection; Deterioration; Disease; Double-Stranded RNA; Elderly; Endogenous Retroviruses; Enzymes; Exhibits; Fibroblasts; Freezing; Frontotemporal Dementia; Functional disorder; Genes; Genome; Genomics; Growth Factor; Homeostasis; Human; Hybrids; Immunity; Impaired cognition; In Vitro; Individual; Induced pluripotent stem cell derived neurons; Inflammation; Inflammatory; Integration Host Factors; Interferons; Knowledge; Label; Lewy Body Dementia; Life; Location; Mass Spectrum Analysis; Modeling; Molecular; Molecular Genetics; Motivation; Mus; Neurodegenerative Disorders; Neurons; Normal Cell; Nucleic Acids; Onset of illness; Parasites; Pathologic; Pathology; Pathway interactions; Patients; Phase; Phenotype; Physiological; Play; Production; Property; Proteins; RNA; RNA Interference; RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase; RNA-Protein Interaction; Reactive Oxygen Species; Research; Retrotransposon; Ribonucleoproteins; Role; Sampling; Selfish DNA; Shotguns; Source; System; Techniques; Tissues; Titrations; age related; age related neurodegeneration; aged; base; brain tissue; cytokine; endonuclease; fly; genome integrity; immunogenic; improved; induced pluripotent stem cell; normal aging; overexpression; pathological aging; prevent; protein expression; senescence; tau Proteins

Project Summary: Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and AD-related dementias (ADRDs; e.g. Frontotemporal Dementia, Lewy Body Dementia, etc.) are crippling neurodegenerative disorders. The onset of these diseases is strongly correlated with aging. Cures for AD and ADRDs remain elusive; Alzheimer's has become the 6th most frequent cause of death in the USA. An emerging candidate contributor to Alzheimer's and ADRD is the L1 retrotransposon, which becomes dysregulated during aging and correlates with Alzheimer's / ADRD onset. One hypothetical mechanism by which L1 may contribute to Alzheimer's / ADRD is through its exacerbation of cellular senescence. Senescence is a phenomenon by which normal cells stop dividing; these cells accumulate with advancing age and are found at the locations of dysfunction in age-related diseases. In mice, senescent cells have been shown to shorten life and actively drive age-related neurodegeneration; preventing senescent cell accumulation decreases tau-dependent degeneration and cognitive decline. AD patients exhibit increased indicators of cellular senescence. It is increasingly clear that senescent cells are not inert, but instead drive tissue deterioration via the senescence-associated secretory phenotype - secreting a variety of growth factors and pro- inflammatory cytokines. L1 retrotransposons have recently been shown to drive progression of the senescence- associated secretory phenotype, and thus, L1 is an important agent of cellular senescence. L1 activation is also associated with AD-related Tau pathologies. The L1 encoded ORF2p enzyme (endonuclease and reverse transcriptase) is often flagged as a source of pathological cellular insults, e.g. via new, mutagenic L1 insertions and contributions to chromosomal instability. However, the effects of L1 expression extend beyond DNA damage. Numerous mechanisms may be at play, including the titration of normally homeostatic host factors away from their physiologic functions and into L1 ribonucleoprotein granules, as well as the production of immunity-and-inflammation-triggering cytoplasmic L1 DNA:RNA hybrids; indeed, the latter is now understood to be a key component of L1’s role in cellular senescence. Moreover, L1 also mobilizes Alu and other non- autonomous retrotransposons. Objectives: In Aim 1, we will use targeted mass spectrometry to profile L1 ORF1 protein expression in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and post-mortem brain tissues of patients exhibiting AD/ADRD and cognitive decline, as well as in senescent cells and neuronal iPSCs; in Aim 2 (in vitro cell culture) and Aim 3 (clinical samples) we will profile L1-associated protein-protein and protein-RNA interactions in the same biological samples as Aim 1; and in Aim 4 we will take a candidate-based approach using molecular genetics to dissect the mechanisms of action of L1 in senescent cells.

项目概述：阿尔茨海默病（AD）和与AD相关的痴呆（ADRDs）；例如额颞叶