Genomic Epidemiology of Campylobacter in Poultry to Enable the Effective Control of Human Campylobacteriosis in a Middle Income Country

家禽弯曲杆菌的基因组流行病学能够有效控制中等收入国家的人类弯曲杆菌病

• 批准号: 10518853
• 负责人: Francesca Schiaffino
• 金额: $ 15.23万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSIDAD PERUANA CAYETANO HEREDIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-08-01 至 2027-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10518853
• 关键词: Animals; Antibiotics; Antimicrobial Resistance; Attention; Birds; Campylobacter; Campylobacter coli; Campylobacter infection; Campylobacter jejuni; Chickens; Child; Childhood; Communicable Diseases; Communities; Country; Development; Development Plans; Diarrhea; Disease model; Domestic Fowls; Drug resistance; Drug-resistant Campylobacter; Ecology; Epidemiologist; Epidemiology; Etiology; Europe; Evolution; Exposure to; Food; Food Handling; Food Processing; Food Safety; Genome; Genomics; Goals; Guillain Barré Syndrome; Health; Household; Human; Income; Individual; Industrialization; Infection; Infectious Disease Epidemiology; Intervention; K-Series Research Career Programs; Knowledge; Link; Location; Macrolide-resistance; Macrolides; Measures; Mentors; Mentorship; Metagenomics; Methodology; Microbiology; Molecular Epidemiology; Morbidity - disease rate; Multi-Drug Resistance; Nested Case-Control Study; Outcome; Paralysed; Pediatric cohort; Peru; Peruvian; Policies; Population; Positioning Attribute; Poultry Products; Production; Public Health; Publications; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Resistance; Resource-limited setting; Resources; Risk Factors; Rotation; Science; Scientist; Signal Transduction; Site; Source; Syndrome; System; Training; World Health Organization; Zoonoses; antimicrobial; base; career development; clinically relevant; commensal microbes; community based participatory research; design; disorder control; enteritis; epidemiologic data; fluoroquinolone resistance; genomic epidemiology; global health; improved; low and middle-income countries; microbial genome; microbial genomics; pathogen; priority pathogen; programs; responsible research conduct; safety practice; transmission process; undercooked; whole genome

PROJECT SUMMARY The zoonotic pathogen Campylobacter is among the principal etiologies of diarrhea in children living in low resource settings. Emergence of multi drug resistance against clinically relevant antimicrobials including fluroquinolones and macrolides make it a high-priority pathogen by the World Health Organization. However, the molecular epidemiology and ecology of this pathogen in low- and middle- income countries (LMICs) remains unresolved. This knowledge gap is especially evident in the pathogen’s main host: the chicken. Preliminary evidence suggests that there are sufficient genomic features to differentiate Campylobacter populations between small-scale and industrially scaled poultry. This K43 Emerging Global Leader career development award aims to study and compare the molecular epidemiology and ecology of MDR Campylobacteriosis in industrially and domestically reared poultry within a highly endemic setting. This will be achieved through i) the detailed study of genomic features of Campylobacter populations from backyard reared and industrially produced poultry, ii) the assessment of Campylobacter genomic determinants of multi-drug resistance in backyard reared and industrially produced poultry, and iii) the linkage of epidemiologic data of locally reported antibiotic exposures and genomic signals of drug resistance. The results from this study will critically contribute to the human source attribution models of disease being built in the study under which this project is nested (an ongoing pediatric cohort and nested case control studying the transmission dynamics of Campylobacter in the Peruvian Amazon). To fulfill these goals, an accomplished group of mentors will collectively provide mentorship and train the candidate, Dr. Francesca Schiaffino. Dr. Schiaffino proposes a career development plan that includes advanced methodological training in genomic analysis (through coursework, personalized training sessions and on-site scholarly rotations), publications, grantsmanship and continued training in responsible conduct of research within the context of global health. The main mentoring committee is composed of world-class experts in the field, including Dr. Margaret N. Kosek (infectious diseases, epidemiology), Dr. Carlos Shiva (veterinary microbiology, poultry science), Dr. Craig T. Parker (microbial genomics), Dr. Kerry Cooper (bacterial genomics and targeted metagenomic analysis), Dr. Samuel Sheppard and Dr. Ben Pascoe (Campylobacter ecology and evolution, source attribution studies), and Mrs, Maribel Paredes (community based participatory research, project management). Dr. Schiaffino’s career development plan has been sequentially designed with the objective of positioning her as an independent veterinary scientist and epidemiologist with expertise in bacterial genomics with the overall objective of improving human and animal health through safe and robust food systems.

项目摘要 人畜共患病原体弯曲杆菌是生活在低海拔地区的儿童腹泻的主要病因之一。 资源设置。出现对临床相关抗菌药物的多重耐药性，包括 氟喹诺酮类和大环内酯类药物使其成为世界卫生组织高度重视的病原体。但 这种病原体在中低收入国家的分子流行病学和生态学仍然存在 未解决的。这种知识差距在病原体的主要宿主：鸡中尤其明显。初步 有证据表明，有足够的基因组特征来区分弯曲杆菌种群， 小型和工业化规模的家禽。K43新兴全球领导者职业发展奖旨在 研究和比较工业和工业环境中MDR弯曲菌病的分子流行病学和生态学， 在高度流行的环境中家养家禽。这将通过以下方式实现：i）详细研究 来自后院饲养和工业生产的家禽的弯曲杆菌群体的基因组特征，ii） 后院饲养和工厂化饲养中弯曲杆菌多药耐药基因组决定因素的评估 生产的家禽，和iii）当地报告的抗生素暴露和基因组的流行病学数据的联系 抗药性的信号。这项研究的结果将对人类来源的归因做出重要贡献 在本项目嵌套的研究中建立的疾病模型（一个正在进行的儿科队列， 嵌套病例对照研究弯曲杆菌在秘鲁亚马逊河流域的传播动态）。履行 这些目标，一个有成就的导师组将共同提供指导和培训的候选人，博士。 弗朗西丝卡·夏菲诺。Schiaffino博士提出了一个职业发展计划，其中包括先进的方法 基因组分析培训（通过课程，个性化培训课程和现场学术轮换）， 出版物、赠款和继续培训，以便负责任地开展研究， 全球健康。主要的指导委员会由该领域的世界级专家组成，包括博士。 玛格丽特·N Kosek（传染病、流行病学）、卡洛斯希瓦博士（兽医微生物学、家禽 科学），博士克雷格T。帕克（微生物基因组学），克里库珀博士（细菌基因组学和靶向 宏基因组分析），SamuelSheppard博士和BenPascoe博士（弯曲杆菌生态学和进化， 来源归因研究）和Maribel Paredes夫人（基于社区的参与性研究，项目 管理）。Schiaffino博士的职业发展计划是按顺序设计的，目标是 将她定位为具有细菌基因组学专业知识的独立兽医科学家和流行病学家 其总体目标是通过安全和健全的食品系统改善人类和动物健康。