Changes in cognition and psychiatric disorder symptoms during cannabis abstinence using a novel discordant twin design

使用新颖的不一致双胞胎设计改变大麻戒断期间的认知和精神疾病症状

• 批准号: 10527851
• 负责人: Jessica Megan Ross
• 金额: $ 5.37万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-01 至 2026-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10527851
• 关键词: Abstinence; Adult; Attention; Back; Behavioral Genetics; Cannabis; Clinical Trials; Cognition; Cognition Disorders; Cognitive; Colorado; Data; Educational workshop; Environment; Genetic Risk; Genotype; Goals; Health; Incentives; Individual; Language; Legal; Maps; Measures; Memory; Mental disorders; Mentors; Methodology; Methods; Monitor; Monozygotic twins; Motivation; Older Population; Outcome; Participant; Preparation; Protocols documentation; Public Health; Randomized; Randomized Controlled Trials; Recovery; Registries; Research; Research Design; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Research Training; Resources; Risk; Sample Size; Statistical Data Interpretation; Symptoms; Testing; Training; Training Programs; Twin Multiple Birth; Twin Studies; base; causal model; contingency management; design; executive function; marijuana use; marijuana user; meetings; novel; physical conditioning; processing speed; recruit; research study; responsible research conduct; skills

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Changes in the legal landscape of cannabis have occurred simultaneously with increases in use among adults. Research efforts have focused on examining consequences of use, however, characterizing the impact of cannabis abstinence on health among regular cannabis users is also a relevant public health concern. Few research studies have compared cognition or psychiatric disorder symptoms between abstinent cannabis users, using contingency management (CM), to individuals in a control condition (monitoring), which does not require changes in cannabis use. The current study aims to extend the findings to an older population, for a longer period of cannabis abstinence, and to examine all cognitive domains. Thus, the first aim is to test the impact of cannabis abstinence for 6 weeks (42 days) on memory, attention, processing speed, language, and executive function (EFs) on adults, who are between 31 to 47 years old. The second aim is to explore how cannabis abstinence effects psychiatric disorder symptoms. The third aim (exploratory) is to examine how genetic risk for various psychiatric disorder symptoms by environment (cannabis abstinence versus continued use) interactions impact cognition. The proposed study is novel in that we will use experimental manipulation to create discordance in cannabis use among monozygotic (MZ) twin pairs. This research design will require significantly fewer resources than large-scale randomized controlled trials because the use of MZ twin pairs requires a smaller sample size and is still sufficiently powered to detect small effects. Fifty identical twin pairs (N=100), who are concordant on cannabis use, will be recruited from the Colorado Twin Registry, which have all been genotyped. Each twin, within a twin pair, will be randomly assigned to either CM, incentive-based protocol to promote abstinence, or control, no changes in cannabis use requested, for 42 days. Participants will be assessed across 42 days on measures of cognition and psychiatric disorder symptoms (baseline, day 14, day 28, and day 42). The method proposed in this project could be used to understand other outcomes from cannabis abstinence (e.g., physical health) or abstinence from other substances. The aims of the research project map on to the training goals: 1) clinical trial methodology, 2) longitudinal statistical analysis, and 3) behavioral genetics. Experts in clinical trial methodology, longitudinal statistical analysis, and behavioral genetics, will guide the research and training program. The team of researchers consists of Drs. John Hewitt and Christian Hopfer (primary mentors, training aim 3), Drs. Susan Mikulich-Gilbertson (mentor, training aim 2) and Naomi Friedman (consultant, training aim 2), Drs. Randi Schuster (co-mentor, training aim 1), Paula Riggs, and Kent Hutchison (consultants, training aim 1). Each training aim consists of one-on-one meetings with mentors or consultants, workshops, courses, seminars, specific analytic projects, responsible conduct of research training and preparation and submission of an R01 application in the final years. Completion of these research and training aims will provide me with the necessary skills to conduct recovery studies and provide preliminary data for an R01 application.

项目总结/摘要 大麻法律的格局发生变化的同时， 成年人了然而，研究工作的重点是审查使用的后果， 经常吸食大麻者中大麻戒断对健康的影响也是一个相关的公共卫生问题。几 研究已经比较了戒断大麻使用者之间的认知或精神障碍症状， 使用应急管理（CM），对处于控制状态（监测）的个人，不需要 大麻使用的变化。目前的研究旨在将研究结果扩展到老年人群， 大麻戒断的研究，并检查所有认知领域。因此，第一个目的是测试大麻的影响 在记忆、注意力、处理速度、语言和执行功能方面禁欲6周（42天） (EFs)年龄在31到47岁之间的成年人。第二个目的是探讨大麻戒断如何 影响精神障碍症状。第三个目的（探索性）是研究各种遗传风险如何影响 按环境分列的精神障碍症状（大麻戒断与继续使用）相互作用影响 认知.这项拟议的研究是新颖的，因为我们将使用实验操作来创造不一致， 同卵双胞胎（MZ）中的大麻使用。这种研究设计将需要更少的资源 因为使用MZ双胞胎对需要的样本量较小， 并且仍然有足够的功率来检测小的影响。50对同卵双胞胎（N=100），他们在 大麻使用，将从科罗拉多双胞胎登记处招募，这些人都已经进行了基因分型。每一个双胞胎， 在一对双胞胎中，将被随机分配到CM，基于激励的协议，以促进禁欲，或 管制，42天内没有要求改变大麻使用情况。参与者将在42天内接受评估， 认知和精神障碍症状的测量（基线、第14天、第28天和第42天）。述的方法 本项目中提出的方法可用于了解大麻戒断的其他结果（例如，物理 健康）或其他物质的禁欲。研究项目的目的映射到培训目标：1） 临床试验方法学，2）纵向统计分析，和3）行为遗传学。临床试验专家 方法学、纵向统计分析和行为遗传学将指导研究和培训 程序.研究小组由约翰休伊特博士和克里斯蒂安霍普费尔（主要导师，培训 Susan Mikulich-Gilbertson博士（导师，培训目标2）和Naomi Friedman（顾问，培训目标3） Randi Schuster博士（共同导师，培训目标1）、Paula Riggs和肯特哈奇森（顾问，培训目标 1）。每个培训目标包括与导师或顾问的一对一会议、讲习班、课程， 研讨会、具体分析项目、负责任地开展研究培训以及编写和提交 在最后几年的R 01应用程序。完成这些研究和培训目标将为我提供 进行回收研究并为R 01应用提供初步数据的必要技能。