Neutrophils and Monocytes in Pediatric Ischemic Stroke

项目总结（描述） 缺血性卒中影响约1/1600至4000的新生儿，在新生儿和婴儿中发病率最高（< 一岁），并可能导致神经后遗症，包括运动和认知缺陷。感染和 免疫反应是儿童中风的主要危险因素，但没有免疫导向疗法可用。 事实上，支持性措施仍然是儿科卒中护理的主要内容，因为溶解性治疗具有 新生儿脆弱的脑血管高。在这个项目中，我们将使用一个小鼠模型， 中风，有和没有脂多糖（LPS）致敏，以测试中性粒细胞的病理作用 和单核细胞的免疫调节疗法的发展。 目的1：阐明儿童LPS/卒中中免疫细胞如何突破软脑膜/胶质界膜屏障。我们将使用Flow 流式细胞术和单细胞RNA-Seq分析，以确定免疫细胞的组成和转录组 在LPS/中风后的脑膜中，并测试抗MMP 9治疗是否阻止中性粒细胞流入。 目的2：探讨小儿脑卒中是否存在功能不同的两波单核细胞浸润。我们 将使用CCR 2-CreER小鼠来跟踪单核细胞浸润和单细胞RNA-Seq分析，以及，阻断 中风后不同阶段单核细胞的流入来解决这个问题。 目的3：确定小儿脑膜炎后中性粒细胞的致病性 LPS/卒中。我们的RNA-Seq结果表明，中性粒细胞获得IL-36 γ，一个新的IL-1家族， 家族细胞因子，在脑膜中。我们将验证这些发现并测试抗IL 36 R治疗的益处。 该项目的成功完成将有助于深入了解儿童缺血性卒中的机制， 中性粒细胞/单核细胞靶向免疫调节疗法是否可以提供更好的临床管理。

PROJECT SUMMARY (Description) Ischemic stroke affects around 1 in 1600 to 4000 births, has the highest incidence in neonates and infants (< one year of age), and may cause neurological sequalae, including motor and cognitive deficits. Infection and immune responses are a major risk factor for pediatric stroke, but no immune-directed therapies are available. In fact, supportive measures remain the mainstay of pediatric stroke care, since the lytic treatment carries a high in neonates with fragile cerebrovascular vessels. In this project, we will use a murine model of pediatric stroke, with and without lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-sensitization, to test the pathological roles of neutrophils and monocytes towards the development of immunomodulation therapies. Aim 1: To clarify how immune cells breach the pial/glia limitans barrier in pediatric LPS/stroke. We will use flow cytometry and single-cell RNA-Seq analysis to determine the compositions and transcriptome of immune cells in the meninges after LPS/stroke, and test whether anti-MMP9 treatment prevents the neutrophil influx. Aim 2: To test whether there are two waves of monocytic infiltrates with distinct functions in pediatric stroke. We will use CCR2-CreER mice to track monocytic infiltrates and single-cell RNA-Seq analysis, as well as, block the influx of monocytes at different stage after stroke to address this issue. Aim 3: To determine what constitutes the meninges-incurred pathogenicity of neutrophils after pediatric LPS/stroke. Our RNA-Seq results suggest that neutrophils acquire IL-36gamma, a novel family of the IL-1 family cytokine, in the meninges. We will validate these findings and test the benefits of anti-IL36R treatment. Successful completion of this project will shed insights into the mechanisms of pediatric ischemic stroke and whether neutrophil/monocyte-targeted immunomodulation therapies could provide better clinical management.