Information Preservation in Neural Codes

神经代码中的信息保存

• 批准号: 10537393
• 负责人: JENNIFER M GROH
• 金额: $ 60.26万
• 依托单位: DUKE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-06-01 至 2027-02-28
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10537393
• 关键词: Affect; Afferent Neurons; Area; Attention; Attention Deficit Disorder; Auditory; Behavioral; Brain; Categories; Central Auditory Processing Disorder; Code; Cognition; Communication; Complex; Data; Data Set; Disease; Electrodes; Exhibits; Eye Movements; Individual; Inferior Colliculus; Joints; Lead; Light; Measures; Mind; Modeling; Motor; Motor Skills; Neurons; Pattern; Perception; Performance; Play; Population; Presbycusis; Property; Research; Role; Saccades; Sensory; Series; Short-Term Memory; Stimulus; Stream; Structure; Taxes; Testing; Time; Visual; Visual Pathways; analysis pipeline; auditory pathway; auditory processing; autism spectrum disorder; behavioral response; experimental analysis; experimental study; insight; multimodality; novel; organizational structure; preservation; relating to nervous system; response; sample fixation; sensory stimulus; superior colliculus Corpora quadrigemina; tool

PROJECT SUMMARY Many things happen at once - there are always abundant stimuli to be perceived, items to be remembered, and courses of action to be planned. While considerable research has explored how our brains screen out the onslaught, we know less about how information about multiple stimuli is preserved despite limitations in neural processing capacity. This proposal explores potential brain mechanisms that may play a role in such information preservation. We recently found evidence that neural populations contain fluctuating activity patterns: some neurons alternate between encoding one stimulus and encoding another on a sub-second to second time scale. We now seek to understand the organizing principles through which such fluctuating activity patterns serve to preserve and/or select information. Specifically, we will test how such fluctuating activity patterns are coordinated with other neurons across sensory and motor representations, and whether/how they contribute to performance of information- preserving vs. information-selecting (attention) tasks. We will focus on one structure previously implicated in information preservation - the inferior colliculus, which is an essential node of the auditory processing stream through which nearly all ascending auditory information must pass, and one structure previously implicated in information selection - the superior colliculus, a multimodal brain area that has been shown to play a role in controlling eye movements and spatial attention. We will specifically focus on (a) how fluctuations depend on the overlap in the population of neurons potentially driven by each stimulus; (b) how fluctuations are coordinated across neurons; and (c) whether and how these properties are affected by neural and behavioral contexts taxing either the ability to preserve multiple stimuli or select individual stimuli to guide a behavioral response. Recordings will be conducted with multiple electrodes, allowing the assessment of coordinated fluctuation patterns via novel statistical approaches. These experiments will yield important insights into how neural representations operate when challenged with multiple stimuli. The ability to keep multiple items in mind is central to communication, working memory, attention, and sensory-motor skills, and it may be adversely affected in disorders such as attention-deficit disorder, autism, central auditory processing disorder, and age-related hearing loss.

项目总结 许多事情同时发生--总是有大量的刺激可以感知，有很多项目可以 被铭记，行动路线有待规划。虽然相当多的研究已经 探索了我们的大脑是如何筛选出攻击的，我们对信息是如何 尽管神经处理能力有限，多个刺激仍被保留。这项建议 探索可能在这种信息保存中发挥作用的潜在大脑机制。 我们最近发现的证据表明，神经群体包含波动的活动模式： 一些神经元在亚秒内交替编码一种刺激和另一种刺激 到第二个时间尺度。我们现在试图了解组织原则，通过这些 波动的活动模式用于保存和/或选择信息。具体地说，我们将测试 这种波动的活动模式是如何与其他神经元在感觉和 运动表征，以及它们是否/如何对信息的表现做出贡献- 保存与信息选择(注意)任务。我们将重点介绍前面的一个结构 与信息保存有关的下丘，它是大脑的一个重要节点 几乎所有上升的听觉信息都必须经过的听觉处理流， 和一个先前涉及信息选择的结构--上丘，一种 多模式大脑区域已被证明在控制眼球运动和 空间注意力。 我们将特别关注(A)波动如何依赖于人口的重叠 每个刺激可能驱动的神经元；(B)波动是如何协调的 以及(C)这些特性是否以及如何受到神经和行为的影响 保存多个刺激的能力或选择单个刺激来指导 行为反应。录音将使用多个电极进行，允许 通过新的统计方法评估协调波动模式。 这些实验将对神经表征如何运作产生重要的见解 当受到多重刺激的挑战时。记住多个项目的能力对于 沟通、工作记忆、注意力和感觉运动技能，这可能是不利的 受注意力缺陷障碍、自闭症、中枢听觉处理等障碍的影响 精神障碍和年龄相关的听力损失。