Human Brain Interferometers for Better Blood Flow Monitoring

人脑干涉仪可更好地监测血流

• 批准号: 10541218
• 负责人: Vivek Jay Srinivasan
• 金额: $ 59.48万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-04-13 至 2024-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10541218
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Anatomy; Blood flow; Brain; Brain Injuries; Brain region; Cardiac Surgery procedures; Caring; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Cerebrum; Clinical Research; Detection; Diffuse; Dimensions; Discrimination; Erythrocytes; Face; Fiber; Flowmetry; Goals; Head; Homeostasis; Human; Hypoxia; Individual; Industry; Injury; Interferometry; Intervention; Intracranial Pressure; Light; Link; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measurement; Measures; Methods; Modality; Monitor; Morphologic artifacts; Motion; Noise; Observational Study; Optical Instrument; Optics; Patients; Penetration; Performance; Perfusion; Photons; Physics; Physiological; Predisposition; Property; Research; Resolution; Scalp structure; Source; Specificity; Spectrum Analysis; Speed; Stroke; Surface; TBI Patients; Technology; Testing; Time; Tissues; Transcranial Doppler Ultrasonography; Traumatic Brain Injury; X-Ray Computed Tomography; blood flow measurement; cerebrovascular health; cost; detector; follow-up; improved; in vivo; indexing; innovation; instrument; multimodality; non-invasive monitor; parallelization; photon-counting detector; portability; quantum; sensor; tool

Abstract: A major goal in the management of traumatic brain injury (TBI) is to optimize cerebral blood flow (CBF) over the days to weeks following injury. Yet, there is currently no well-established, non-invasive method to continuously monitor CBF in adults. Though diffuse optical flowmetry (DOF) methods for monitoring CBF based on dynamic scattering of near-infrared (NIR) light are used in research, these methods suffer from fundamental limitations. First, they require costly photon counting, which strictly constrains achievable speed, brain specificity, and brain coverage. Second, they lack depth discrimination, leading to contamination from blood flow in superficial tissues. Third, they require assumptions about optical properties, which can vary between individuals or across brain regions. Fourth, they are sensitive to noise from ambient light. To address these limitations, we introduce interferometry to human diffuse optics, creating a new class of NIR light-based monitoring tools, called interferometric Diffuse Optical Spectroscopy (iDOS). First, we show that with interferometry, a CMOS sensor can replace photon counting and parallelize measurements of weak diffuse light fluctuations that reveal CBF. This advance improves light throughput-to-cost ratio by ~100x. We can thus take more measurements (improving brain coverage) with larger source collector separations (improving brain specificity). Then, we show that by rapidly tuning the light source wavelength, we also achieve time-of-flight (TOF) resolution. This extra TOF dimension better distinguishes brain from superficial tissue, and also provides estimates of optical properties, improving quantification. Finally, interferometric methods are essentially unaffected by ambient light. Building on our promising results in adult humans, we will develop, optimize, and validate iDOS for quantitative, rapid, and robust CBF monitoring. We will identify the advantages and weaknesses of iDOS relative to conventional methods. Finally, we will perform observational CBF monitoring in severe TBI patients in the neurointensive care unit (neuro-ICU), testing the ability of our non-invasive CBF measurements to predict periods of hypoxia.

抽象的： 创伤性脑损伤管理（TBI）的主要目标是优化脑血流（CBF） 受伤后几天到几周。但是，目前尚无公认的，无创的方法可以连续 监视成人的CBF。虽然基于动态的CBF的弥漫性光流量法（DOF）方法 在研究中使用了近红外（NIR）光的散射，这些方法受到基本局限性。 首先，它们需要昂贵的光子计数，这严格限制了可实现的速度，大脑特异性和大脑 覆盖范围。其次，它们缺乏深度歧视，导致浅表组织中血流的污染。 第三，它们需要关于光学特性的假设，这些特性可能会在个体或跨大脑之间变化 地区。第四，它们对环境光的噪声很敏感。 为了解决这些局限 基于光的监测工具，称为干涉弥散光谱（IDO）。首先，我们与 干涉测量法，CMOS传感器可以替换光子计数并平行化弱分散光的测量值 揭示CBF的波动。这一前进将光吞吐量与成本的比率提高了约100倍。因此我们可以接受 通过较大的源收集器分离（改善大脑 特异性）。然后，我们表明，通过快速调整光源波长，我们还达到了飞行时间 （TOF）分辨率。这个额外的TOF维度可以更好地区分大脑与表层组织，还提供 光学性质的估计值，改善定量。最后，干涉方法本质上是 不受环境光的影响。 在我们在成年人中有希望的成果的基础上，我们将开发，优化和验证IDO，以进行定量， 快速且强大的CBF监测。我们将确定IDO相对于IDO的优势和弱点 常规方法。最后，我们将对严重TBI患者进行观察性CBF监测 神经增强护理单元（Neuro-ICU），测试我们非侵入性CBF测量的能力预测周期 缺氧。