Temporal Synthesis of Vestibular and Extra-Vestibular Sensory Signals

前庭和前庭外感觉信号的时间合成

• 批准号: 10542672
• 负责人: TIMOTHY E HULLAR
• 金额: $ 52.87万
• 依托单位: MASSACHUSETTS EYE AND EAR INFIRMARY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2024-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10542672
• 关键词: Acoustic Neuroma; Acute; Affect; Artificial Implants; Attention; Auditory; Behavioral; Bilateral; Binding; Brain; Calibration; Cerebrum; Characteristics; Chronic; Clinical; Cochlea; Cochlear Implants; Compensation; Conflict (Psychology); Cues; Dependence; Disease; Ear; Elements; Environment; Event; Excision; Exposure to; Functional disorder; Head; Labyrinth; Measures; Migraine; Migraine Variants; Motion; Motion Sickness; Nerve; Noise; Operative Surgical Procedures; Outcome; Patient-Focused Outcomes; Patients; Pattern; Peripheral; Persons; Physiologic pulse; Physiology; Predisposition; Process; Prosthesis; Psychophysics; Reaction Time; Rehabilitation therapy; Research; Residual state; Role; Sensory; Series; Signal Transduction; Symptoms; System; Testing; Time; Training; Width; behavioral outcome; experience; improved; multimodality; multisensory; novel; paired stimuli; postoperative state; response; segregation; sensory integration; sensory prosthesis; vestibular prosthesis; virtual

Multiple sensory cues are generated by discrete events and while they do not reach the cerebrum simultaneously, the brain can synthesize them if they are interpreted as corresponding to a single event. This is critical because the central representation of an event or action is improved if two or more relevant cues are integrated but conversely is degraded if unrelated inputs are mistakenly synthesized. Little research has focused on temporal binding of vestibular and non-vestibular cues even though the vestibular system operates in an inherently multimodal environment, and virtually nothing is known about abnormalities in temporal binding that occur with peripheral or central vestibular disorders. Temporal binding is often quantified with two values derived from psychophysical tests, the point of subjective simultaneity (PSS) and the temporal binding window (TBW). We will use these perceptual measures to test a series of hypotheses about the physiology and pathophysiology of vestibular temporal binding. Two sets of specific aims will be investigated: Aim 1 will investigate the mechanisms used by the brain to bind vestibular and non-vestibular signals in time. Aim 1A examines how the precision of the vestibular signal affects its binding with non-vestibular cues. Precision (1/variability) of the spatial and temporal characteristics of vestibular afferents and their relationship to temporal binding will be studied in normal subjects, and we predict that the two precision measures will be correlated with each other and with the TBW. We will also manipulate vestibular precision using patients with combined vestibular (VI) and cochlear (CI) implants in the same ear and predict that additional noise will widen the TBW and increase the PSS. Aim 1B uses the prosthetic signals that are available in the VI-CI patients to examine how adaptation driven by habitual exposure to timing cues affects temporal binding. Since the brain is naïve to these stimulus pairs and the patients have longstanding absence of cochlear and vestibular function in both ears, we can study how the brain binds signals in time when it has no prior exposure to the cues, and predict that the PSS will reflect the relative time for the signals to reach the cerebrum, the TBW will be wide, and both will be abnormally amenable to adaptation. Aim 2 investigates how temporal binding contributes to the pathophysiology of peripheral and central vestibular disorders. Aim 2A examines the effects of acute loss of peripheral vestibular function and the subsequent process of compensation on temporal binding. We predict that both passive and active processes will contribute to recalibration of the PSS and TBW, that patient outcome will correlate with the changes in these values, and that adaptation of the PSS and TBW will improve clinical outcome. Aim 2B examines how temporal binding contributes to central vestibular dysfunction, focusing on motion sickness and migraine. We predict that subjects with more severe motion sickness will have wider TBWs and that adaptation that narrows the TBW will reduce susceptibility to motion sickness.

多种感觉线索是由离散事件产生的，虽然它们没有到达大脑 同时，如果它们被解释为对应于单个事件，大脑就可以合成它们。这 至关重要，因为如果有两个或多个相关线索，事件或动作的中心表示就会得到改善 如果错误地合成了不相关的输入，则结果会被集成，但相反会降级。很少有研究 即使前庭系统在运作，也专注于前庭和非前庭线索的时间结合 在本质上的多模式环境中，实际上对时间结合的异常一无所知 与周围或中枢前庭疾病一起发生。时间结合通常用两个值来量化 源自心理物理测试、主观同时性点（PSS）和时间绑定窗口 （TBW）。我们将使用这些感知测量来检验一系列关于生理学和 前庭颞结合的病理生理学。将研究两组具体目标：目标 1 将 研究大脑及时结合前庭和非前庭信号的机制。目标1A 检查前庭信号的精度如何影响其与非前庭线索的结合。精确 （1/变异性）前庭传入的空间和时间特征及其与时间的关系 结合将在正常受试者中进行研究，我们预测这两个精确测量将是相关的 与彼此以及与 TBW。我们还将使用联合患者来操纵前庭精确度 在同一只耳朵中植入前庭 (VI) 和耳蜗 (CI) 并预测额外的噪音会扩大 TBW 并增加PSS。目标 1B 使用 VI-CI 患者中可用的假体信号来检查 习惯性接触时间线索所驱动的适应如何影响时间绑定。因为大脑天真地认为 这些刺激对以及患者的耳蜗和前庭功能长期缺失 通过耳朵，我们可以研究大脑在没有事先接触到提示的情况下如何及时结合信号，并预测 PSS 将反映信号到达大脑的相对时间，TBW 会很宽，并且两者都 将异常容易适应。目标 2 研究时间结合如何促进 周围和中枢前庭疾病的病理生理学。目标 2A 检查急性丧失的影响 外周前庭功能和随后的颞结合补偿过程。我们预测 被动和主动过程都将有助于 PSS 和 TBW 的重新校准，该患者 结果将与这些值的变化相关，PSS 和 TBW 的适应性将得到改善 临床结果。目标 2B 检查颞结合如何导致中枢前庭功能障碍， 重点关注晕动病和偏头痛。我们预测晕动病更严重的受试者会 具有更宽的 TBW，并且缩小 TBW 的适应将降低对晕动病的易感性。

项目成果

Simultaneous activation of multiple vestibular pathways upon electrical stimulation of semicircular canal afferents.

• DOI: 10.1007/s00415-020-10120-1
• 发表时间: 2020-12
• 期刊: Journal of neurology
• 影响因子: 6
• 作者: Boutabla A;Cavuscens S;Ranieri M;Crétallaz C;Kingma H;van de Berg R;Guinand N;Pérez Fornos A
• 通讯作者: Pérez Fornos A

Frequency-dependent integration of auditory and vestibular cues for self-motion perception.

用于自我运动感知的听觉和前庭线索的频率依赖性整合。

• DOI: 10.1152/jn.00307.2019
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Journal of neurophysiology
• 影响因子: 2.5
• 作者: Shayman,CoreyS;Peterka,RobertJ;Gallun,FrederickJ;Oh,Yonghee;Chang,Nai-YuanN;Hullar,TimothyE
• 通讯作者: Hullar,TimothyE

Influence of systematic variations of the stimulation profile on responses evoked with a vestibular implant prototype in humans.

• DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ab8342
• 发表时间: 2020-06-12
• 期刊: Journal of neural engineering
• 影响因子: 4
• 作者: Crétallaz C;Boutabla A;Cavuscens S;Ranieri M;Nguyen TAK;Kingma H;Van De Berg R;Guinand N;Pérez Fornos A
• 通讯作者: Pérez Fornos A