Function of Vestibular-Nerve Afferent Types

前庭神经传入类型的功能

• 批准号: 7086876
• 负责人: TIMOTHY E HULLAR
• 金额: $ 17.72万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-07-15 至 2009-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7086876
• 关键词: afferent nerve; brain electrical activity; cell cell interaction; chinchilla; computational neuroscience; electrical measurement; electrical property; electrodes; eye movements; head movements; implant; model design /development; neural information processing; neural transmission; neuroregulation; proprioception /kinesthesia; space perception; vestibular apparatus; vestibular nerve; vestibuloocular reflex; video recording system

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The vestibular system is responsible for collecting information about the head's position and movement in space. This information is used to maintain posture through the actions of the vestibulospinal reflexes and to stabilize gaze by means of the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR). Dysfunction of these reflexes due to disruption of vestibular input to the brainstem can lead to pathologies such as Meniere's disease and aminoglycoside toxicity and may bring about disabling vertigo and disequilibrium. In mammals, three types of vestibular-nerve afferent neurons carry these signals from the vestibular periphery to the brainstem, but the purpose for these separate classes is not known. Based on their sensitivity and baseline discharge patterns, they have been termed "regularly discharging," "irregularly discharging," and "low-gain irregularly discharging." Indirect evidence suggests that these afferent types may be differentially affected by various pathologic processes. The studies proposed here aim to define the contribution of irregular afferents to the VOR by reversibly stimulating or inhibiting their contribution to the vestibulo-ocular reflex during high-frequency sinusoidal rotations as well as short transient motions of the head. The dynamics of irregular afferents suggest that their contribution to the VOR may be particularly important under these previously untested conditions. Techniques of signal theory will be used, based on the responses of individual afferents to sharp movements, to determine the relative information carrying capacity of neurons over the short latencies (< 10 ms) allowed by the VOR. A model of vestibular-nerve afferents that predicts neural responses to high-frequency and transient head motion will be developed from the data collected. Findings from this study will allow better understanding of pathologies of the peripheral vestibular system.

描述（由申请人提供）：前庭系统负责收集有关头部位置和空间运动的信息。该信息用于通过前庭脊髓反射的动作来保持姿势，并通过前庭眼反射（VOR）来稳定凝视。由于脑干的前庭输入中断而导致的这些反射功能障碍可导致诸如梅尼埃病和氨基糖苷类药物毒性的病理学，并且可引起致残性眩晕和平衡失调。在哺乳动物中，三种类型的前庭神经传入神经元将这些信号从前庭外周传递到脑干，但这些单独类别的目的尚不清楚。根据它们的敏感性和基线放电模式，它们被称为“规则放电”、“不规则放电”和“低增益不规则放电”。" 间接证据表明，这些传入类型可能受到不同的病理过程的影响。本文提出的研究旨在通过可逆地刺激或抑制其在高频正弦旋转以及头部短暂瞬态运动期间对前庭眼反射的贡献来定义不规则传入对VOR的贡献。不规则传入的动力学表明，它们对VOR的贡献可能在这些以前未经测试的条件下特别重要。基于单个传入神经对剧烈运动的反应，将使用信号理论的技术来确定VOR允许的短潜伏期（< 10 ms）内神经元的相对信息承载能力。前庭神经传入的模型，预测神经反应的高频率和短暂的头部运动将开发从收集的数据。这项研究的结果将使我们更好地了解周围前庭系统的病理。