Examining the physical toll of marginalizing experiences in emerging adulthood and exploring resilience possibilities

项目总结 学者们呼吁更多地关注与社会认同相关的压力源在精神分裂症中的病因作用 制造和维持健康差距。在这一领域，重点关注初露头角和成年期早期是 鉴于与身份相关的担忧在这一发展时期达到顶峰，这是有理由的。其中 在以白人为主的精英院校就读的人数不足的大学生， 对身份支持的高度需求和边缘化经历的涌入可能会产生一场完美的风暴 压力源，导致负面健康后果，特别是在代表不足的学生中 面对不利的暴露，要坚持下去。拟议的研究旨在记录1)特定的 与身份相关的压力源，破坏弱势群体的健康，因为他们追求教育和 职业发展和2)社会支持和资源在减轻潜在伤害方面的作用 从边缘化的经历中。这项拟议的研究将以340名早期成年人为样本进行 世卫组织之前参与了一项跨越四年的五波纵向研究(保留率为96%)。全 参与者在大学第一年被一所以白人为主的精英机构招募，并被 如果他们是代表不足的种族/民族群体的成员，即第一代，就有资格参加 大学生，或获得了联邦佩尔助学金的全部金额(即，证明有大量的经济 需要)。在拟议的研究中，建立的身体健康和表观遗传衰老指标将是 从这个年轻人(25-30岁)样本中收集，以评估他们以前和现在的情况 边缘化(即风险)和支持(即保护)的经历可能“深入皮下”。生物标志物 将利用测量来确定疾病发病前的健康风险。在成年初期， 大多数慢性病仍然没有症状，还没有通过常规健康筛查发现。因此， 成人早期阶段可以确定未来疾病的预后指标。值得注意的是， 拟议的研究与国家少数民族健康和健康研究所的科学愿景很好地一致 差异：它的目的是通过阐明生理过程来帮助解释疾病的差异 由于社会不平等造成的。此外，拟议的研究试图确定 复原力，注意正在研究的结果之间的细微差别(例如，“皮肤深层复原力”)。A更多 全面了解风险和复原力流程及其在以下方面的可变性 被边缘化的群体可以为促进社会流动的干预措施提供信息，同时也可以保护和支持 少数群体的健康。鉴于青春期和成年期早期对 针对这一发育期的生命进程和干预措施具有巨大的潜力，可以减少 健康差距，特别是可能会因社会流动而反直觉地加剧的健康差距。

PROJECT SUMMARY Scholars have called for greater attention to the etiologic role of social identity-related stressors in the creation and maintenance of health disparities. In this domain, a focus on emerging and early adulthood is warranted given that identity-related concerns peak during this developmental period. Among underrepresented college students attending elite predominantly white institutions, the confluence of heightened needs for identity supports and influx of marginalizing experiences may yield the perfect storm of stressors, resulting in negative health consequences, particularly among underrepresented students who persist in the face of adverse exposures. The proposed research aims to document 1) the role of specific identity-related stressors in undermining the health of vulnerable groups as they pursue educational and career advancement and 2) the role of social supports and resources in mitigating potential harm resulting from marginalizing experiences. The proposed research will be conducted with a sample of 340 early adults who previously participated in a five-wave longitudinal study across four years (96% retention rate). All participants were recruited during their first year of college at an elite predominantly white institution and were eligible to participate if they were a member of an underrepresented racial/ethnic group, a first generation college student, or received the full amount of the Federal Pell Grant (i.e., demonstrated substantial financial need). In the proposed research, established indicators of physical health and epigenetic aging will be collected from this sample of young adults (ages 25-30) to assess how their previous and concurrent experiences of marginalization (i.e., risk) and support (i.e., protection) may “get under the skin.” Biomarker measurements will be utilized in order to identify health risk prior to disease onset. During early adulthood, most chronic diseases are still asymptomatic and have not yet been detected via routine health screens. Thus, the period of early adulthood allows for identification of prognostic indicators of future disease. Notably, the proposed research aligns well with the scientific vision of the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities in that it aims to help explain disparities in disease by illuminating physiologic processes resulting from social inequities. Additionally, the proposed research seeks to identify mechanisms of resilience with attention to nuance across outcomes being studied (e.g., “skin-deep resilience”). A more comprehensive understanding of risk and resilience processes and variability in how they play out among marginalized groups can inform interventions to facilitate social mobility while also preserving and bolstering the health of minority groups. Given that the emerging and early adulthood years hold great consequence for the life course, interventions targeting this developmental period hold tremendous potential for reducing health disparities, particularly health disparities that may be exacerbated counterintuitively by social mobility.