Adolescent Peer and Family Relationship Predictors of Adult Health

描述(由申请人提供)：这项拟议的研究测试了这样一个假设，即青春期的关系质量最终对成人身体健康的两个重要领域--心血管健康和代谢功能--具有实质性影响。我们通过重复评估这些问题，使用多报告、多方法的数据，来自人口统计学上不同的最终样本，172人，年龄从13岁到32岁。我们把重点放在两条关键的社会关系路径上，我们假设这两条路径会对身体健康产生重大的长期影响：1.从青少年在谈判分歧时努力适应地建立自主性，到未来关系中的敌对冲突；2.从失败到 在家庭和同伴关系中建立支持性的社会关系以应对未来的社会隔离我们将追求以下目标：目标1：根据青少年关系特征直接预测成人健康指标我们从最基本但也是最重要的流行病学任务入手，试图确定青少年的关系品质，这些品质可能直接预测长期健康困难的重大未来风险。目的2：从青春期到成人健康联系的心理中介--在确定了关键的青少年心理社会风险因素之后，我们接下来研究可能解释这些风险的假设的干预途径，从而可以提出进一步干预的潜在领域。为了在时间上恰当地评估这些中介途径，我们评估了从青春期到成人社交功能的直接预测，以及成年后社交功能和健康结果之间的交叉滞后预测。目标3：时间和背景影响的作用--接下来，我们试图区分慢性和间歇性社会功能障碍的长期影响(例如，当先前的社会孤立或敌对冲突最终解决时，是否存在挥之不去的影响？)以及考虑关键的背景过渡和人口因素的调解和调节作用。目的4：关系功能、心理健康和身体健康的相互作用-最后，我们评估了社会功能和心理健康在预测青春期到成年期和成年期间身体健康结果方面的相互作用，考虑到关系因素和心理健康症状在一起预测健康结果时的独特和联合影响。总体而言，拟议的研究具有以下潜力：a.为潜在的筛查工具和预防干预开辟一个全新的领域，以改善终身健康结果，并为目标提出特定的关系特征；b.为寻求区分暂时性青少年关系困难和对健康具有最大长期重要性的困难的父母、教育工作者和临床医生提供指导；c.极大地推动正在开发的关于青少年社会关系质量和主要健康结果之间联系的理论进入这一关键的、相对未被探索的生命阶段。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The proposed study tests the hypothesis that relationship qualities in adolescence ultimately have substantial implications for two important domains of adult physical health: cardiovascular health and metabolic functioning. We address these questions using repeated assessments with multi-reporter, multi-method data from a demographically diverse final sample of 172 individuals followed from age 13 to 32. We focus on two key social relationship pathways that we hypothesize to have substantial long-term physical health ramifications: 1. from the adolescent struggle to establish autonomy adaptively when negotiating disagreements to hostile conflict in future relationships; and, 2. from failure to establish supportive social connections in family and peer relationships to future social isolation We will pursue the following aims: Aim 1: Direct Prediction of Adult Health Indicators from Adolescent Relationship Characteristics We begin with the most basic, yet important epidemiological task of seeking to identify adolescent relational qualities that may directly predict substantial future risks for long-term health difficulties. Aim 2: Intervening Psychosocia Mediators of Links from Adolescence to Adult Health - After identifying key adolescent psychosocial risk factors, we next examine the hypothesized intervening pathways that may explain these risks and can thus suggest further potential arenas for intervention. To properly temporally assess these mediated pathways, we assess direct predictions from adolescence to adult social functioning and cross-lagged predictions between social functioning and health outcomes in adulthood. Aim 3: The Role of Temporal and Contextual Effects - We next seek to distinguish the long-term effects of chronic vs. intermittent social functioning difficulties (e.g. are there lingering effects when a prior pattern of social isolation or hostile conflict eventually resolves?) as well as considering the mediating and moderating roles of key contextual transitions and demographic factors. Aim 4: Interplay of Relational Functioning, Mental Health, and Physical Health - Finally, we assess the interplay of social functioning and mental health in predicting physical health outcomes both from adolescence to adulthood and within adulthood, considering both unique and conjoint effects of relational factors and mental health symptoms as they work together to predict health outcomes. Overall, the proposed study has the potential: a. to open up an entirely new arena for potential screening tools and preventive interventions to improve lifelong health outcomes and suggest specific relational characteristics to target; b. to provide guidance to parents, educators, and clinicians seeking to distinguish transient adolescent relationship difficulties from difficulties with greatest long-term import for health; ad c. to dramatically advance developing theories of the link between adolescent social relationship qualities and major health outcomes into this critical, relatively unexplored portion of the lifespan.