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Malaria transmission blocking through mosquito contact with treated surfaces

通过蚊子接触经过处理的表面来阻断疟疾传播

基本信息

批准号：
10555302
负责人：
Flaminia Catteruccia
金额：
$ 70.88万
依托单位：
HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-02-04 至 2025-01-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10555302
关键词：
Accounting Affect Africa South of the Sahara Anopheles Genus Anopheles gambiae Antimalarials Artemisinins Beds Biological Assay Bite Blood Burkina Faso Cessation of life Collaborations Combined Modality Therapy Culicidae Cytochrome a Cytochromes b Deposition Development Disease Drug Kinetics Drug resistance Effectiveness Exposure to Feeds Female Foundations Future Generations Genotype Glass Goals Hour Human Infection Insecticide Resistance Insecticides Intervention Laboratories Lead Leg Libraries Malaria Malaria prevention Medicine Methods Modeling Mole the mammal Molecular Target Multi-Drug Resistance Parasite resistance Parasites Persons Pharmaceutical Preparations Phenotype Plasmodium Plasmodium falciparum Play Population Prevalence Reproduction Residual state Resistance Rest Schools Stress Surface System Testing Therapeutic Treatment Failure Tropical Medicine Validation absorption asexual atovaquone design empowerment field study fitness inhibitor innovation lead candidate malaria transmission mutant novel prevent resistance mechanism resistant Plasmodium falciparum screening tool transmission blocking transmission process uptake vector vector mosquito

项目摘要

PROJECT ABSTRACT Malaria parasites are transmitted by the bite of female Anopheles mosquitoes. Current malaria control strategies rely extensively on the use of antimalarial drugs as human therapeutics, and on long-lasting insecticide-treated bed nets (LLINs) and insecticide indoor residual sprays of house walls (IRS) to target the Anopheles mosquito. LLINs and IRS play a key role in malaria prevention, accounting for more than 70% of all cases prevented in the last two decades. However, these interventions suffer from the alarming spread of insecticide resistance emerging in most Anopheles populations in sub-Saharan Africa, which threatens their effectiveness. Combined with the emergence of drug resistance in Plasmodium parasites, these issues stress the need for new tools to prevent malaria transmission. In a recent study we have built the foundation for a novel malaria control strategy based on combining antimalarials with mosquito-targeting interventions. Our idea proposes to incorporate antimalarials on mosquito nets or other surfaces such as walls, so that female Anopheles landing on these surfaces will uptake the antimalarial compounds via their legs the way they generally uptake insecticides on LLINs or IRS. As a proof of principle, we coated a glass substrate with the potent antimalarial atovaquone (ATQ), a cytochrome b inhibitor, and allowed Anopheles gambiae females to rest on this surface for a few minutes immediately prior to P. falciparum infection. Strikingly, P. falciparum development was completely abrogated in females exposed to low concentrations of ATQ (EC50 = 1.77 µmol/m2). Parasite development was also completely aborted when mosquitoes were exposed to ATQ 24 hours prior to or 12 hours post infection, and when ATQ was deposited on a net substrate, demonstrating the broad potential of this approach. Other cytochrome b inhibitors showed similar effects. In this project, we will validate the use of antimalarials to kill P. falciparum in the Anopheles female. Specifically, we will: Aim 1) screen a library of antimalarials to identify additional compounds that kill P. falciparum upon uptake by the mosquito, in collaboration with Medicine for Malaria Venture (MMV), the Malaria Drug Accelerator (MalDA) and others; Aim 2) determine the ability of ATQ and hit compounds from our screens to kill drug- resistant P. falciparum parasites, in collaboration with MalDA and Dyann Wirth at the Harvard Chan School; and Aim 3) assess whether insecticide resistance mechanisms operating in the mosquito affect uptake and efficacy of ATQ, in collaboration with the Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD, Burkina Faso) and the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine. By combining compound screens with laboratory and field analyses, our project will validate the use of compounds with antimalarial activity in the mosquito vector, aiding in the generation of an innovative malaria control tool.

项目摘要