AGING OF VISUAL-COGNITIVE MECHANISMS ON A NEURAL NETWORK

该项目的总体目标是具体说明 负责与年龄相关的视觉认知表现的变化。 几种类型的视觉效果的与视觉效果相关的变化将 可以用计算机衍生的神经网络来描述和解释， 老龄化的网络模型 具体而言，有助于 个体间和个体内的一般和任务特异性变异 在健康的年轻人，中年人和老年人将被确定， 模型。 所提出的神经网络模型具有独特的性质 它们的组成互连可以被调整， 表示编码中与时间相关和与实践相关的变化， 视觉信息的后续转换。 年三年间 在这个项目中，约有400名年龄在19岁之间的男女， 80年将在1）感知闭合或图形的测量上进行测试 完成，和2）明显的运动的感知。 为每个 视觉认知任务，几种神经学上合理的网络模型， 将在以下方面进行开发、测试和对比： 他们的能力，以模拟一般和特定任务的差异， 年轻人、中年人的响应时间和错误分布 成年人和老年人。 这次调查的结果将 对理解这些机制有明确的意义， 负责有效的认知功能， 晚年的生活。

The overall aim of this project is to specify the mechanisms that are responsible for age-related changes in visual-cognitive performance. Age-related change in several types of visualcognitive performance will be described and explicated in terms of empirically-derived neural network models of aging. Specifically, the factors that contribute to general and task-specific interindividual and intraindividual variability in healthy young, middle-aged, and older adults will be identified and modeled. The proposed neural network models have the unique property that their constituent interconnections can be adjusted so as to represent time-related and practice-related change in the encoding and subsequent transformation of visual information. During the three years of this project, about 400 men and women between the ages of 19 years and 80 years will be tested on measures of 1) perceptual closure or figure completion, and 2) the perception of apparent motion. For each visual-cognitive task, several neurologically plausible network models will be developed, tested, and contrasted with each other in terms of their ability to simulate general and task-specific differences in the distributions of response times and errors for young adults, middle-aged adults, and older adults. The outcome of this line of investigation will have clear implications for the understanding of the mechanisms responsible for effective cognitive functioning during the middle and later years of life.