AGING OF VISUAL/COGNITIVE MECHANISMS

描述(改编自《调查者摘要》)：实验 本申请中提出的建议建立在以下项下启动的研究的基础上并扩展 之前的一项拨款旨在开发和测试经验性派生的神经 老龄化的网络模型。其主要目标是详细说明 考虑到与年龄相关的差异在实践中的相关改善 学习和熟练的表现。我们的重点是描述 学习和技能习得的年龄相关个体间差异 在基于记忆的学习机制的效率和 计算算法解决方案的效率。也就是说，哪种机制 学习被降级了，什么是熟练表现的机制 在成年后一直保存下来吗？在这四年里 该项目将有大约400名年龄在20岁到70岁之间的男女 在四个实验中进行了测试，以检查 性能的速度、可变性和准确性，以及 响应时间分布的形状。与年龄相关的问题分析 这些措施在多个实践中的个体差异 会议预计将揭示从算法计算到 基于内存的处理。

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from Investigator's Abstract): The experiments proposed in this application build upon and extend research initiated under a previous grant aimed at developing and testing empirically derived neural network models of aging. The major aim is to specify the mechanisms that account for age-related differences in practice-related improvements in learning and skilled performance. Our focus is on the description of age-related inter-individual differences in learning and skill acquisition in terms of the efficiency of a memory-based learning mechanism and the efficiency of computing algorithmic solutions. That is, which mechanism of learning are degraded and which mechanisms of skilled performance are preserved across the adult life-span? During the four years of this project, about 400 women and men between the ages of 20 and 70 years will be tested in four experiments, to examine session-by-session changes in the speed, variability, and accuracy of performance, as well as changes in the shape of the distributions of response times. Analyses of age-related individual differences along these measures across multiple practice sessions are expected to reveal shifts from algorithmic computation to memory based processing.