BIOTRIBOLOGY OF DIARTHRODIAL JOINTS

关节生物摩擦学

• 批准号: 2083360
• 负责人: GERARD A. ATESHIAN
• 金额: $ 10.56万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIV NEW YORK MORNINGSIDE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1995-06-15 至 2000-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2083360
• 关键词: articular cartilage; biomechanics; joints; mechanical stress; surface property; synovial fluid

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from the Applicant's Abstract): Understanding the lubrication of diarthrodial joints has been an important objective in the field of biomechanics since the early part of this century. The process by which this efficient lubrication is maintained is not yet fully understood although several theories on this topic have been advanced through the years. While research in the biotribology of diarthrodial joints has been relatively limited recently, the applicant believes that there currently exists a unique opportunity to achieve major strides in this area. The objectives of this study are to provide a new quantitative theory for predicting the frictional response of articular cartilage, and to perform experiments that directly test the predictive ability of this proposed friction theory. The dependence of cartilage frictional properties on the presence of a boundary lubricant and on the integrity of the collagen ultrastructure will also be investigated. These objectives will be achieved using the latest developments in the theoretical modeling of cartilage, as well as the latest literature findings from frictional experiments. A correct theoretical model of cartilage friction should be expected to predict all experimentally observed phenomena, or most of them if mixed lubrications modes prevail. These include the ability to predict that the cartilage friction coefficient is time-dependent, velocity-dependent, and load-dependent, while being nearly independent of the viscosity of synovial fluid. The development of such a predictive model is significant at several levels. First, a fundamental understanding of the biotribology of diarthrodial joints has been an elusive basic science goal for several decades. A comprehensive and accurate theory would shed light into a lubrication mechanism heretofore poorly understood, and would provide insights on how that mechanism is suited for the intermittent motions and high loads of diarthrodial joints. Second, a theoretical knowledge of the lubrication mechanism will provide a better ability to predict how that mechanism might deteriorate or be defeated as a result of material property changes (e.g., from cartilage or synovial fluid degeneration), or geometry changes (e.g., cartilage thinning, surface remodeling, surgical interventions). Third, precise knowledge of the behavior of the frictional coefficient of cartilage may provide a greater understanding of the role of frictional surface tractions on the state of stress within cartilage, and whether a deterioration of the frictional properties may promote tissue degeneration through mechanical pathways. One of the long-term goals of this proposal is to demonstrate that the wide variation of frictional properties reported in the literature are not necessarily inconsistent with each other, and can be related to fundamental mechanisms that can be described theoretically, and verified experimentally.

描述（改编自申请人的摘要）：理解 润滑关节关节已成为一项重要目标 自本世纪初开始进入生物力学领域。 过程 维持这种有效润滑的方法尚未完全 尽管已经提出了关于该主题的几种理论，但已被理解 多年来。 在进行颤动生物摩擦学研究时 最近接头相对有限，申请人认为 目前存在一个独特的机会，可以在以下方面取得重大进展： 这个区域。 本研究的目的是提供一种新的 预测关节摩擦响应的定量理论 软骨，并进行直接测试预测的实验 所提出的摩擦理论的能力。 软骨依赖性 边界润滑剂的存在和摩擦特性 还将研究胶原超微结构的完整性。 这些目标将利用该领域的最新进展来实现 软骨的理论模型以及最新文献 摩擦实验的结果。 正确的理论模型 软骨摩擦力应该可以通过实验来预测 观察到的现象，或者如果混合润滑模式占主导地位的话，其中大部分现象。 这些包括预测软骨摩擦的能力 系数与时间相关、与速度相关、与负载相关， 同时几乎与滑液的粘度无关。 这 这种预测模型的开发在几个层面上都具有重要意义。 首先，对节律生物摩擦学有一个基本的了解 几十年来，关节一直是一个难以捉摸的基础科学目标。 一个 全面而准确的理论将为润滑提供启示 迄今为止人们对这一机制知之甚少，并将提供有关以下方面的见解： 该机构如何适合间歇运动和高负载 关节的关节。 二、理论知识 润滑机制将提供更好的预测能力 机制可能会因材料而恶化或失效 属性变化（例如，软骨或滑液变性）， 或几何形状的变化（例如软骨变薄、表面重塑、 手术干预）。 三、对行为的准确认识 软骨的摩擦系数可以提供更大的 了解摩擦表面牵引力对状态的作用 软骨内的压力，以及软骨是否恶化 摩擦特性可能会通过机械作用促进组织退化 途径。 该提案的长期目标之一是证明 摩擦特性的广泛变化报告 文献不一定相互矛盾，可以 与可以从理论上描述的基本机制相关， 并经过实验验证。