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SOCIAL PHOBIA & DYSTHYMIA--A MULTIDIMENSIONAL COMPARISON

社交恐惧症

基本信息

批准号：
2248334
负责人：
DEBRA A. HOPE
金额：
$ 6.18万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA LINCOLN
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
1992
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1992-03-01 至 1995-02-28
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2248334
关键词：
anxiety attention clinical depression dyadic interaction human subject interview memory phobias psychological tests questionnaires self concept video recording system

项目摘要

Accumulating evidence that anxiety and depression may be less distinct than previously thought has resulted in increased interest in the relationship between the two syndromes. Furthermore, comorbid presentations of anxiety and depression are particularly resistant to psychosocial and pharmacological interventions. Unfortunately our knowledge of the relationship between the two has been limited by a number of factors including a paucity of studies offering direct comparisons in clinical samples. a;so, despite the well-recognized heterogeneity of both anxiety and depression, most studies have employed samples of mixed anxiety and depressive disorders. In light of these difficulties, the proposed study will examine the interpersonal and cognitive functioning of clinically severe socially phobic and dysthymic individuals. Theoretical accounts and research evidence suggests these two disorders may have many common aspects despite distinct clinical presentations. For example, similar interpersonal and cognitive deficits are often the focus of interventions for the two disorders and are thought to be central in their etiology and maintenance. However, despite this similarity, few studies have compared the two groups. Furthermore, research suggests distinguishable subtypes of social phobia exist but little is known about how the subtypes differ from one another or from depressive disorders. This study will compare chronically depressed (dysthymic), social phobic (generalized and nongeneralized subtypes), and normal control subjects on cognitive, behavioral, physiological and self-report measures. Following a careful diagnostic screening, subjects will complete a battery of self-report measures of anxiety, depression and general psychopathology, participate in three brief roleplays (two interactions and a public speaking task) and complete two information processing tasks (a memory and an attention task). It is hypothesized that dysthymics' verbal and nonverbal behavior during the roleplays will be characterized by help-seeking and a negative affective tone, in contrast to generalized social phobics who are expected to adopt submissive, acquiescent strategies. Dysthymics are expected to devote excessive cognitive resources to processing negative information about themselves and to be overly concerned with failing to achieve their own internal standards of success. Social phobics, in contrast, are expected to demonstrate attentional and memory biases for information related to how others are evaluating them. Only nongeneralized social phobics are expected to experience excessive physiological arousal when public speaking. Results from the proposed study should increase our understanding of the cognitive and interpersonal aspects of both social phobia and dysthymia by identifying which aspects may be unique to the particular disorder (or to an anxiety versus a mood disorder) and which may be common to emotional disorders in general. Such information may suggest potential etiological variables which could be explored in future research. Also, these findings will be useful in refining psychosocial treatments for the two disorders and in the development of a treatment strategy for those who experience both social phobia and depression. The detailed examination of interpersonal behavior and cognitive functioning will be particularly useful for improving social skills and cognitive treatments, respectively.

越来越多的证据表明焦虑和抑郁可能不像以前认为的那么明显，对这两种症状之间的关系感兴趣。此外，焦虑和抑郁的共病表现是特别是对心理社会和药理学的抵抗力干预措施。不幸的是我们对这段关系的了解两者之间的关系受到许多因素的限制，包括缺乏提供临床直接比较的研究样品a;因此，尽管两者都具有公认的异质性，焦虑和抑郁，大多数研究都采用了混合性焦虑和抑郁症鉴于这些困难，拟议的研究将检查人际和认知功能的临床严重的社交恐惧症和抑郁症患者。理论报告和研究证据表明，这两种疾病可能尽管有不同的临床表现，但仍有许多共同点。例如，类似的人际关系和认知缺陷是通常是这两种疾病干预的重点，被认为是其病因和维持的中心。然而，尽管有这种相似性，很少有研究比较两组此外，研究表明，社交恐惧症的亚型存在，但很少有人知道如何亚型彼此不同或与抑郁症不同。这项研究将比较慢性抑郁症（心境恶劣），社交恐惧症（广义和非广义亚型），以及正常对照组在认知、行为、生理自我报告的措施。经过仔细的诊断筛选时，受试者将完成一系列自我报告焦虑、抑郁和一般精神病理学指标，参加三个简短的角色扮演（两个互动和一个公开演讲任务）并完成两个信息处理任务（记忆和注意力任务）。它是假设情感障碍者在角色扮演中的言语和非言语行为将以求助和消极情感为特征语气，与一般的社交恐惧症相比，采取顺从和默许的策略心境障碍是期望将过多的认知资源用于处理关于自己的负面信息和过度关注没有达到他们自己的成功标准。相比之下，社交恐惧症患者注意力和记忆偏差的信息有关如何其他人正在评估它们。只有非广泛性社交恐惧症当你的大脑处于极度兴奋状态时，公开演讲。这项研究的结果应该会增加我们的理解两者的认知和人际关系方面社交恐惧症和心境恶劣症，通过确定哪些方面可能是特定疾病（或焦虑与情绪）所特有的情绪障碍），可能是常见的情绪障碍，将军这些信息可能提示潜在的病因这些变量可以在未来的研究中进行探索。还有，这些发现将有助于完善心理社会治疗这两种疾病的治疗方法对于那些既有社交恐惧症，萧条对人际行为的详细检查和认知功能将特别有助于分别改善社交技能和认知治疗。