MORPHOGENESIS AND DIFFERENTIATION OF GUSTATORY PAPILLAE

味觉乳头是一种特殊的结构， 在舌的背表面上的位置;它们的上皮是独特的 形成味蕾的能力。 图案形成，形态发生和 这些结构的分化和它们的居民味蕾提供了一个 一系列独特的发展事件，可以作为一个范例， 上皮-间质相互作用和神经在早期 形态发生的阶段。 这项研究的长期目标是 提供对导致味觉形成的事件的见解 乳头，味觉上皮形成味蕾的承诺， 神经支配在味觉乳头形成中的作用。 以来 许多味觉乳头形态发生在子宫内， 涉及乳头形成的因果因素已被禁止， 操纵过程的难度。 因此，我们开发了 体外模型，以允许在小鼠中研究这些过程。 利用这些模型，我们提出了以下具体目标：（1）定义 细胞外基质（ECM）分子和细胞粘附作用 CAM分子在味觉神经元形成和分化中的作用 a）确定ECM的时空分布，以及 CAM在体内基板和乳头形成和分化期间， 体外;和B）证明ECM和CAM结果扰动 在异常乳头形态发生的体外;（2）阐明的作用， 在体外基板和乳头形成中的味觉神经，通过：a）确定 味神经节摘除对基板和味觉的影响 乳头形成和分化;和B）比较ECM和CAM 分布在有和没有神经的乳头内，以确定是否 神经支配对它们的分布有调节作用;（3）研究 影响味觉神经向味觉神经传导的因素 a）确定以下各项的效果：（i）去除味觉， 基板;（ii）从正常途径转移神经;（iii）异位 神经节的位置对味觉纤维向内生长到背侧 鳃弓外植体中的舌;和B）将味觉神经节与 味觉和非味觉上皮。 为了实现这些目标， 显微切割和组织操作，滚管培养， 免疫荧光染色，生物和生化抑制剂， 将使用放射自显影和图像分析。 这些结果 这些研究不仅能提供关于上皮器官 一般形式，但也将有助于我们了解 味觉的发展，在调节进食中起主要作用。

Gustatory papillae are specialized structures which form in specific locations on the dorsal surface of the tongue; their epithelium is unique in its ability to form taste buds. The patterning, morphogenesis and differentiation of these structures and their resident taste buds offer a unique series of developmental events which could serve as a paradigm for epithelial-mesenchymal interactions and the role of nerves in the early stages of morphogenesis. The long term goal of this research is to provide insights into events leading to the formation of gustatory papillae, commitment of the gustatory epithelium to form taste buds and the role of innervation in the formation of gustatory papillae. Since much of gustatory papillary morphogenesis occurs in utero, studies of the causal factors involved in papilla formation have been prohibited by the difficulty of manipulating the process. Therefore, we have developed in vitro models to permit investigation of these processes in the mouse. Using these models, we propose the following Specific Aims: (1) Define the role of extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules and cell adhesion molecules (CAM) in the formation and differentiation of gustatory papillae by: a) determining the temporo-spatial distribution of ECM and CAM during placode and papilla formation and differentiation in vivo and in vitro; and b) demonstrating that perturbation of ECM and CAM results in abnormal papilla morphogenesis in vitro; (2) Elucidate the role of taste nerves in placode and papilla formation in vitro by: a) determining the effects of extirpation of taste ganglia on placode and gustatory papilla formation and differentiation; and b) comparing the ECM and CAM distributions within papilla with and without nerve to determine if innervation has a role in modulation their distribution; (3) Investigate factors involved in the guidance of taste nerves to the gustatory placode, by a) determining the effects of: (i) removing the gustatory placode; (ii) diverting nerves from normal pathways; (iii) ectopic placement of ganglia on the ingrowth of taste fibers into the dorsal tongue in branchial arch explants; and b) co-culturing taste ganglia with gustatory and non-gustatory epithelia. To achieve these goals, microdissection and tissue manipulation, roller tube culture, immunofluorescent staining, biological and biochemical inhibitors, autoradiography and image analysis will be used. These results of these studies will not only provide new information on how epithelial organs form in general, but will also contribute to our understanding of the development of taste which has a primary role in regulating feeding.