ENERGY EXPENDITURE DURING CHILDHOOD OBESITY DEVELOPMENT

儿童肥胖发展期间的能量消耗

• 批准号: 2205873
• 负责人: Michael Isaac Goran
• 金额: $ 7.17万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1994-06-15 至 1999-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2205873
• 关键词: adipose tissue; basal metabolism; bioenergetics; biomarker; biosensor device; body composition; body physical activity; body water; caloric dietary content; calorimetry; developmental nutrition; diet; electrical impedance; heart rate; human subject; longitudinal human study; mathematical model; nutrition related tag; obesity; oxygen consumption; preschool child (1-5); recreation; stable isotope double label; telemetry

Obesity, which affects 25% of children in affluent societies, is a risk factor for pediatric hypertension, and non-insulin-dependent diabetes, heart disease and early death when it persists into adulthood. Obesity arises because of a mismatch between energy intake and energy expenditure (EE). It is unknown whether this is the result of excess energy intake (ie overfeeding relative to expenditure), or reduced energy expenditure (ie inactivity and/or a suppression in resting EE), or a combination of both. Since the mechanism(s) for this mismatch cannot be resolved in the obese state, studies are proposed using a human, pre-obese model. The hypothesis is that children with low total EE, due to low activity EE (relative to body size) at the onset of the study, will gain more body fat during the subsequent 5 year longitudinal study, after normalization of bodyfat changes due to growth. Total, resting and activity EE over 14 days will be assessed using doubly labeled water and indirect calorimetry, and body composition will be determined using total body water, densitometry, bioelectrical resistance, and, anthropometry. The data will also be used to assess energy requirements in young children. Current information on energy requirements in young children is based on out-dated food intake data, and does not consider variation in body composition or physical activity. These limitations are well recognized and have led to the suggestion that energy requirements should be based on measurement of EE. However, there is a paucity of data on EE in young children. The second aim is to therefore develop and cross- validate equations for predicting energy requirements in young children based on measurement of total EE. The hypothesis is that current estimates of calorie requirements in young children are too high, and simple and accurate equations can be modelled using fat free mass to predict resting energy requirements, and heart rate as a marker of physical activity. These studies will provide important information on the role of BE and physical activity in the development of childhood obesity, and on energy requirements in young children. The results will enable identification of children at highest risk for developing obesity and will form the groundwork for future work to design intervention strategies using intake and exercise prescriptions to prevent obesity in young children.

肥胖是一种风险，它影响着富裕社会中25%的儿童 儿童高血压和非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病的因素， 心脏病和早逝，当它持续到成年。肥胖 这是由于能量摄入和能量消耗不匹配造成的 (Ee)。目前尚不清楚这是否是能量摄入过多(即 过度喂养(相对于支出)，或减少能量消耗(即 静息EE中的不活动和/或抑制)，或两者的组合。 由于这种错配的机制(S)无法在肥胖者中解决 在美国，研究是使用人类肥胖前期模型来进行的。假说 儿童的总EE较低，是由于活动EE较低(相对于 身体大小)在研究开始时，将在 体脂正常化后的后续5年纵向研究 由于增长而发生的变化。超过14天的休息和活动EE总数将为 用双标记水和间接量热法评估，和身体 成分将使用全身水分、密度计量法、 生物电阻，和人体测量学。 这些数据也将被用来评估杨树的能量需求。 孩子们。关于幼儿能量需求的最新信息是 基于过时的食物摄入量数据，没有考虑 身体成分或体力活动。这些限制是很好的 认识到并导致建议能源需求应该 以EE的测量为基础。然而，关于EE的数据却很少 在年幼的儿童中。第二个目标是因此发展和交叉- 验证预测幼儿能量需求的公式 基于总EE的测量。假设是，目前的估计是 儿童对卡路里的需求太高，而且简单 准确的方程可以用脱脂质量来预测休息时间 能量需求和心率作为体力活动的标志。 这些研究将提供关于BE和BE作用的重要信息 体力活动在儿童肥胖发展中的作用以及对能量的影响 对幼儿的要求。结果将使识别 儿童患肥胖的风险最高，并将形成 为未来使用摄入量设计干预策略的工作奠定基础 以及预防幼儿肥胖的运动处方。