MODELS OF CORRELATION BASED NEURAL DEVELOPMENT

基于相关性的神经发育模型

• 批准号: 2165224
• 负责人: KENNETH D MILLER
• 金额: $ 8.49万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1994-08-01 至 1997-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2165224
• 关键词: alternatives to animals in research; binocular vision; brain electrical activity; computational neuroscience; developmental neurobiology; intercellular connection; model design /development; neurophysiology; visual cortex; visual fields

Many aspects of the later stages of neural development are guided by neuronal activity. Guidance is given both by intrinsic patterns of activity, before and after birth, and by activity resulting from experience after birth. Theoretical studies will address the role of activity-dependent mechanisms in the development of the mammalian cerebral cortex. Such cortical mechanisms appear to play an important role in many aspects of human health, for example in visual disorders such as strabismus and amblyopia, and in recovery and reorganization of somatosensory or motor function after injury or amputation. The theoretical studies will address four specific questions in the development of the primary visual cortex: (l) The relationships that may develop between ocular dominance, preferred orientation, disparity tuning, preferred spatial frequency, and other cortical receptive field properties when inputs of four types (ON-center and OFF-center from the left and right eyes) compete to innervate a two-dimensional cortical layer; (2) The additional effects that are introduced into cortical organization by consideration of the fact that the cortical tissue in which competition occurs is three dimensional, and contains separate inhibitory and excitatory neuronal populations; (3) The effects of interocular correlations on ocular dominance column development, in particular the conditions under which such correlations alter the column width; (4) The changes that are introduced into developmental models when nonlinear cortical activation patterns are introduced, as in the abstract models of cortical development introduced by Kohonen. In all four studies, the goal will be to characterize the different possible developmental outcomes that may result under activity-dependent mechanisms, and the experimentally measurable and manipulable factors that will determine the actual outcome if such mechanisms underlie development. This will provide a basis for experimental tests of the hypothesis that such mechanisms underlie the studied phenomena. An additional long-term goal is to determine the functions of such mechanisms in designing cortical computations. The fourth project, by providing a connection to a set of abstract models whose computational function can be partially characterized, may provide clues to such a functional interpretation of activity-dependent mechanisms in cortical development.

神经发育后期的许多方面都受到 神经元活动指导既有内在的模式， 活动，出生前和出生后，并通过活动造成的 出生后的经历理论研究将探讨 哺乳动物大脑发育中的活动依赖性机制 皮层这种皮层机制似乎在许多神经元的发育过程中起着重要作用。 人类健康方面，例如视觉障碍， 斜视和弱视，并在恢复和重组 躯体感觉或运动功能。 理论研究将解决四个具体问题， 初级视觉皮层的发展：（l）可能 在眼优势、偏好取向、视差调节、 优选的空间频率和其他皮层感受野特性 当四种类型的输入（从左边的中心和偏离中心， 右眼）竞争神经支配二维皮质层;（2） 其他的影响，是引入到皮层组织， 考虑到竞争的皮质组织 发生是三维的，并包含单独的抑制和 兴奋性神经元群;（3）眼间 眼优势柱发展的相关性，特别是 （4）在这种相关性改变列宽的条件下， 当非线性时，引入发展模型的变化 皮质激活模式的介绍，在抽象的模型， 由Kohonen引入的皮质发育。 在所有四项研究中，目标将是描述不同的 活动依赖性可能导致的发展结果 机制，以及实验可测量和可操纵的因素， 如果这些机制是发展的基础，则将决定实际结果。 这将为以下假设的实验检验提供基础， 这种机制是所研究现象的基础。一个额外的长期 目的是确定这种机制在设计中的功能， 皮质计算第四个项目，通过提供与 一组抽象模型，其计算功能可以部分地 特征，可以提供线索，这样的功能解释， 皮质发育中的活动依赖机制。