MECHANISM OF NUCLEAR FUSION IN YEAST

酵母核聚变机制

• 批准号: 2178940
• 负责人: Mark David Rose
• 金额: $ 24.38万
• 依托单位: PRINCETON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1986
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1986-12-01 至 1995-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2178940
• 关键词: DNA binding protein; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; binding proteins; cell cycle; chromosome movement; cytoskeletal proteins; developmental genetics; fungal genetics; gene expression; gene interaction; gene mutation; genetic manipulation; genetic mapping; kinesin; laboratory mouse; laboratory rabbit; meiosis; microorganism conjugation; microtubules; mitotic spindle apparatus; molecular cloning; polymerase chain reaction; protein sequence; protein structure function

A crucial problem in biology is the mechanism by which common and general cytoskeletal elements are recruited into a diverse and dynamic array of functionally distinct structures. Part of the problem concerns the spatial and temporal regulation over the assembly and disassembly of the cytoskeleton. In addition, structures within the cell show directed motility dependent upon the activities of specific motor proteins moving over the cytoskeletal array. Our long range goals are directed at understanding the functions of one part of the cytoskeletal array, the microtubules. Microtubules are required in all eukaryotic cells, for many cellular processes, notably the segregation of chromosomes in mitosis and meiosis and for the congression of the progenomes during fertilization. Errors in these processes can have disastrous consequences for the cell. All the microtubules in yeast are organized by a single organizing center called the spindle pole body (SPB). The SPB plays a key role in microtubule function. However, little is known about the components of the SPB or how they might be functionally regulated. To address these problems we are studying the process of nuclear fusion in yeast conjugation. Nuclear fusion is a simple microtubule dependent process akin to fertilization. As a means to identifying functional components of the SPB we will use a variety of genetic techniques to identify the genes and proteins responsible for nuclear fusion. One of the genes known to be required for nuclear fusion, KAR1, encodes and essential component of the SPB. Using a variety of genetic and biochemical approaches, we aim to identify proteins that interact with the KAR1 protein since some of these should also be components of the SPB. Nuclear fusion requires that the nuclei move together in a microtubule dependent manner. Another of the genes required for nuclear fusion, KAR3, encodes a microtubule dependent motor protein which is also of critical importance in mitosis and meiosis. By a combination of genetic and biochemical analysis we aim to understand the specific functions of KAR3 and other related motor proteins in the complex movements of the chromosomes, the spindle and the nucleus in mitosis, meiosis and nuclear fusion.

生物学中的一个关键问题是， 细胞骨架元素被募集到一个多样化的和动态的阵列， 功能不同的结构。 问题的一部分涉及空间 以及对组装和拆卸的时间规定， 细胞骨架 此外，细胞内的结构显示定向 运动依赖于特定运动蛋白的活动 在细胞骨架阵列上。 我们的长远目标是 了解细胞骨架阵列的一部分的功能， 微管 微管是所有真核细胞所必需的， 细胞过程，特别是有丝分裂中染色体的分离， 减数分裂和受精过程中祖细胞的聚集。 这些过程中的错误可能会对细胞产生灾难性的后果。 酵母中的所有微管都由一个组织中心组织起来 称为主轴杆体（SPB）。 SPB在以下方面发挥着关键作用： 微管功能 然而，对该系统的组成部分知之甚少。 SPB或它们如何在功能上受到调节。 解决这些问题 我们正在研究酵母接合中的核融合过程。 核融合是一个简单的微管依赖性过程，类似于 受精 作为识别SPB功能组件的一种手段 我们将使用各种基因技术来识别基因， 负责核融合的蛋白质。 其中一种基因 核聚变所需的，KAR1，编码和基本组成部分的核聚变， SPB。 使用各种遗传和生物化学方法，我们的目标是 鉴定与KAR1蛋白相互作用的蛋白质，因为其中一些蛋白质 也应该是SPB的组成部分。 核聚变需要 细胞核以微管依赖的方式一起移动。 中的另一 核融合所需的基因KAR3编码一种微管依赖性的 动力蛋白，在有丝分裂和减数分裂中也至关重要。 通过遗传和生化分析的结合，我们的目标是了解 KAR 3和其他相关马达蛋白在细胞内的特异性功能， 染色体、纺锤体和细胞核的复杂运动， 有丝分裂、减数分裂和核融合。