CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF AIRBORNE EMISSIONS FROM HAZARDOUS WASTES

在本五年赠款期间的头三年半期间(即， 1987年10月至今)，项目一.2集中于 分析空气样本中的挥发性和半挥发性毒物，以及 这些方法在不同流出物的表征中的应用 或接近源头并从源头向下。在续期期间，我们将 继续这些努力，并将扩展更有前景的方法和 他们的应用程序。这些方法包括表面液提取。 空气采样介质(SFE)及其与诱变剂生物测定的接口， 免疫分析和GC或GC-MS分析。SFE的新方向将包括 分馏混合物的程序萃取及其与其他混合物的接口 生物检测，包括那些使用鱼类的检测。另一个很有前途的研究领域 包括使用空气动力学和燃烧室方法测量流量，这是 将继续增加实验室微室作为现场 模拟器，并使用新的FT-IR系统进行现场磁场通量分析。这个 剩下的线有待继续--量化顺风分布及其 在人体中使用雾样和指示代谢物的影响-将是 扩大到包括指示有毒废物场地的标记化学品， 燃烧源、车辆废气和其他来源，以及 与一个正在进行的使用野生哨兵动物作为 暴露和空气质量的指标。贯穿所有领域的扩展主题 该项目的组成部分将是确定其生物学意义 通过专注于能够容纳空气中残留的方法 生物检测和加强与其他超级基金的合作 具有评估能力的调查人员。 具体目标包括： I.制定毒物蒸气的采样和分析方法 来自废弃场的空气覆盖和顺风。 二、发展测定化学物质挥发通量的方法 土壤和水。 三、环境空气、雨水中有毒残留物含量测定 在垃圾处理场附近采集的雾水样本。

During the first 3-1/2 years of the present five-year grant period (i.e., October, 1987, to the present), Project I.2 concentrated on methods for analyzing volatile and semivolatile toxicants in air samples, and application of the methods to the characterization of various effluents at or near sources and downward from them. During the renewal period, we will continue these efforts and will expand on the more promising methods and their applications. These methods include superficial fluid extraction (SFE) of air sampling media, and its interfacing with mutagen bioassay, immunoassay, and GC or GC-MS analysis. New directions for SFE will involve programmed extraction for fractionating mixtures and interfacing with other bioassays, including those using fish. Another promising line of study involved measuring flux using both aerodynamic and chamber methods, which will be continued with the addition of laboratory micro-chambers as field simulators, and in situ field flux analyses with a new FT-IR system. The remaining line to be continued-quantifying downwind distributions and their effects using fog sampling and indicator metabolites in humans-will be expanded to include marker chemicals indicative of toxic waste sites, combustion sources, vehicular exhaust, and other sources, and by interfacing with an ongoing project using wild sentinel animals as indicators of exposure and air quality. An expanded theme through all components of the project will be to determine the biological significance of airborne residues, by focusing on methods which can accommodate biological assay and by strengthened collaborations with other Superfund investigators having assessment capabilities. Specific objectives include the following: I. Develop methods for sampling and analyzing vapors of toxicants in the air overlying and downwind from waste sites. II. Develop methods for determining volatilization flux of chemicals from soil and water. III. Determine toxic residue content of ambient air, rainwater, and fogwater samples collected near waste disposal sites.