CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF AIRBORNE EMISSIONS FROM HAZARDOUS WASTES

危险废物空气排放物的化学和生物评估

• 批准号: 3777201
• 负责人: JAMES N SEIBER
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3777201
• 关键词: Aves; air pollution; air sampling /monitoring; environmental contamination; environmental toxicology; environmental transport; human subject; industrial waste; plants; soil pollution; toxicant screening; urinalysis; vapor; water pollution

During the first 3-1/2 years of the present five-year grant period (i.e., October, 1987, to the present), Project I.2 concentrated on methods for analyzing volatile and semivolatile toxicants in air samples, and application of the methods to the characterization of various effluents at or near sources and downward from them. During the renewal period, we will continue these efforts and will expand on the more promising methods and their applications. These methods include superficial fluid extraction (SFE) of air sampling media, and its interfacing with mutagen bioassay, immunoassay, and GC or GC-MS analysis. New directions for SFE will involve programmed extraction for fractionating mixtures and interfacing with other bioassays, including those using fish. Another promising line of study involved measuring flux using both aerodynamic and chamber methods, which will be continued with the addition of laboratory micro-chambers as field simulators, and in situ field flux analyses with a new FT-IR system. The remaining line to be continued-quantifying downwind distributions and their effects using fog sampling and indicator metabolites in humans-will be expanded to include marker chemicals indicative of toxic waste sites, combustion sources, vehicular exhaust, and other sources, and by interfacing with an ongoing project using wild sentinel animals as indicators of exposure and air quality. An expanded theme through all components of the project will be to determine the biological significance of airborne residues, by focusing on methods which can accommodate biological assay and by strengthened collaborations with other Superfund investigators having assessment capabilities. Specific objectives include the following: I. Develop methods for sampling and analyzing vapors of toxicants in the air overlying and downwind from waste sites. II. Develop methods for determining volatilization flux of chemicals from soil and water. III. Determine toxic residue content of ambient air, rainwater, and fogwater samples collected near waste disposal sites.

在本五年赠款期的头三年半（即， 1987年10月至今），项目I.2集中于 分析空气样品中的挥发性和半挥发性有毒物质， 各种废水特性的方法应用. 或近源而下。 在续约期间，我们将 继续这些努力，并将扩大更有前途的方法， 他们的应用。 这些方法包括表面液体提取 (SFE)空气采样介质，及其与诱变剂生物测定的接口， 免疫测定和GC或GC-MS分析。 SFE的新方向将涉及 用于分馏混合物的程序化提取，并与其他 生物测定，包括使用鱼类的生物测定。 另一个很有前途的研究方向 包括使用空气动力学和气室方法测量通量， 将继续增加实验室微室， 模拟器，并在现场场通量分析与一个新的FT-IR系统。 的 剩余线继续量化顺风分布及其 使用雾采样和指标代谢物在人类的影响，将是 扩大到包括指示有毒废物场地的标记化学品， 燃烧源、车辆废气和其他来源， 与一个正在进行的利用野生哨兵动物作为 暴露和空气质量指标。 一个扩展的主题，通过所有 该项目的组成部分将是确定生物学意义 空气中残留物，重点是能够适应 生物测定，并加强与其他超级基金的合作 调查人员具有评估能力。 具体目标包括： I. 制定有毒气体的取样和分析方法， 垃圾场上方和下风处的空气。 二. 制定确定化学品挥发通量的方法， 土壤和水。 三. 测定环境空气、雨水和 在废物处理场附近收集的雾水样本。