NEED FOR CLOSURE ON SOCIAL COGNITION/INTERACTION

需要关闭社会认知/互动

• 批准号: 3386213
• 负责人: Arie W. Kruglanski
• 金额: $ 14.71万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-04-01 至 1994-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3386213
• 关键词: attribution; belief; bias; cognition; impression; interpersonal relations; judgment; motivation; persuasion; social conformity; social facilitation; social group process; social perception

The long terms objectives of the research program are to investigate ways in which motivation influences the processes of social judgment and relevant aspects of social interaction. The more specific aim of the proposed research is to study a particular motivation, the need for cognitive closure, as it affects major cognitive and social phenomena. A range of antecedent condition and consequences of the need for closure will be investigated in reference to the following questions: I. How persons' degree of the need for closure influences the degree to which their judgment of a social target are based on pre-existing conceptions or stereotypes (i.e., are "theory driven") versus on the case information at hand (i.e. are "data driven"). II. How information in terms of momentarily or chronically accessible constructs III. How the need for closure affects persons' tendency to level causal attribution at the salient portion of the social stimulus field. IV. How the need for closure experienced by group members affects their reactions to opinion deviants. V. How differences in the need for closure among disagreeing members of a group affect their relative persuasiveness. All of the foregoing issues bear on major cognitive biases the understanding of which may have important health consequences both for improving the efficacy of health education through the overcoming of close mindedness and selective information processing, and for facilitating the modification of dysfunctional belief systems in the course of therapy. Altogether sixteen experimental studies are theoretical notions through use of heterogenous operational definitions of the need for closure.

该研究项目的长期目标是研究 动机影响社会判断的过程， 社会互动的相关方面。 更具体的目标是 建议研究是为了研究一个特定的动机，需要 认知封闭，因为它影响主要的认知和社会现象。 一 一系列的先决条件和需要关闭的后果将 就下列问题进行调查： I. 人的闭合需求程度如何影响 他们对社会目标的判断是基于预先存在的 概念或刻板印象（即，是“理论驱动的”）， 数据驱动（data driven）。 二. 信息如何在 暂时或长期可及结构的术语 三. 结束的需要如何影响人们对因果关系的倾向 归因于社会刺激领域的突出部分。 四. 群体成员对封闭的需求如何影响他们的 对意见偏差的反应。 诉 一个组织中持不同意见的成员之间在结束的需要上的差异是如何产生的？ 影响其相对说服力。 所有上述问题都与主要的认知偏见有关， 了解这一点可能会对健康产生重要影响， 克服封闭性，提高健康教育效果 思维和选择性信息处理，并促进 在治疗过程中改变功能失调的信念系统。 共有16项实验研究是通过使用理论概念 对关闭需求的异质操作定义。