PSYCHOBIOLOGICAL STUDIES OF ALCOHOL TOLERANT DRIVERS

酒精耐受驾驶员的心理生物学研究

• 批准号: 3090451
• 负责人: M W PERRINE
• 金额: $ 110.06万
• 依托单位: ADDICTION RESEARCH INSTITUTE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-08-01 至 1995-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3090451
• 关键词: alcoholic beverage consumption; driving while intoxicated; drug tolerance; human subject; psychobiology

The research plan is a multidisciplinary multisite set of highly interrelated research components to study the characteristics of tolerance to alcohol in human subjects from a psychobiological perspective. Goals: (1) to determine those psychobiological variables that distinguish drivers high in alcohol tolerance, and (2) to search for possible multivariate indicators of tolerance. Even at blood alcohol concentrations (BAC) well above the legal limit (0.10%), such drivers may not manifest typical signs of intoxication and thus are rarely arrested for DUI/DWI. A unique opportunity to examine high tolerant drivers is available through a new NIAAA grant to the Co-principal investigators. At roadside surveys, 42,000 drivers will be screened for BAC using the new "passive sensor." A subsample (n=320) from the spectrum of drinking drivers will be invited to serve as subjects. The core component (Component I) will study the subjects with varying degrees of alcohol tolerance in 3 experiments in which they are tested at their usual social dose, at predetermined experimental doses, and under differing conditions of alcohol expectancy. Each of the 5 components will collect data in distinct areas: Component II - Behavioral/psychological; Component III - Phenomenological; Component IV - Pharmacokinetics and genetics of metabolism. Between-subject specific aims: determine extent to which high vs. low tolerant drinkers: (1) differ on psychobiological variables measured at each of four BACs (0.00, 0.05, 0.10, & 0.15%), (2) show impairment at a given BAC, (3) need a larger dose to produce the same effect, (4) differ regarding amount of alcohol and resulting BAC needed to reach their "usual level of intoxication," (5) overestimate rather than underestimate their actual BACs, and (6) show alcohol expectancy effect. Within-subject specific aims: determine (7) a self-paced, baseline, "usual high;" (8) alcohol sensitivity, acute tolerance, and degree of chronic tolerance; and (9) validity of ratings on clinical signs of intoxication and field sobriety tests obtained under real-world conditions at roadside. Long-term objectives: Data will be obtained from the same motorist/subjects, ranging from roadside BAC, ratings on clinical signs of intoxication, and field sobriety tests; to other psychological, physiological, and biochemical measures including alcohol metabolism and genetic factors; plus data concerning personality, attitudes, drug use, and lab experiments provide the basis for strong potential advance in our understanding of chronic alcohol tolerance. Active direct intervention is planned for the high tolerant subjects. Results provide basis for developing future prevention strategies for high tolerant drinkers in general population.

该研究计划是一个多学科的多地点的高度 相互关联的研究成分，研究耐受性的特点 从心理生物学的角度来看，酒精对人类的影响。 目标：（1）确定那些区分 司机酒精耐受性高，（2）寻找可能的 耐受性的多变量指标。 即使血液中的酒精浓度 (BAC)远高于法律的限制（0.10%），这些驱动程序可能不会出现 典型的醉酒迹象，因此很少因酒后驾车/酒后驾车而被捕。 一个独特的机会，检查高容忍司机是通过 一个新的NIAAA补助金的共同主要研究者。 在路边调查中， 42,000名司机将使用新的"被动传感器"进行BAC筛查。"一个 从酒后驾驶者中抽取320名样本， 作为主题。 核心部分（第一部分）将研究 在3个实验中， 他们以通常的社会剂量进行测试，在预定的 实验剂量，并在不同条件下的酒精预期。 5个组成部分中的每一个都将收集不同领域的数据： - 行为/心理;第三部分-现象学;第四部分 - 药代动力学和代谢遗传学。 受试者之间的特定目标：确定高与低 宽容的饮酒者：（1）不同的心理生物学变量测量， 四个BAC（0.00、0.05、0.10和0.15%）中的每一个，（2）显示在 （3）需要更大的剂量才能产生相同的效果，（4）不同 关于酒精含量和由此产生的BAC需要达到他们的"正常" （5）高估而不是低估自己的能力。 实际BAC，（6）显示酒精预期效应。 试者 具体目标：确定（7）自定进度、基线、"通常高";（8） 酒精敏感性、急性耐受性和慢性耐受程度;以及 (9)中毒临床体征和现场评分的有效性 在路边真实条件下进行的清醒度测试。 长期目标：数据将从同一个 驾驶者/受试者，范围从路边BAC，临床体征评级， 中毒，和现场清醒测试;其他心理， 生理和生化指标，包括酒精代谢， 遗传因素;加上有关个性，态度，药物使用， 实验室实验为我们的潜在发展提供了基础 了解慢性酒精耐受。 积极的直接干预是 为高耐受性受试者设计。 结果为以下方面提供了依据： 为高耐受性饮酒者制定未来的预防策略， 一般人口。