DIABETIC RETINOPATHY AWARENESS PROGRAM

糖尿病影响了大约1000万美国人，是导致 失明。几乎所有的糖尿病患者都会患上不同程度的 糖尿病患者一生中的视网膜病变。如果有能力诊断 无症状糖尿病视网膜病变的最新研究进展 对疾病的有效治疗，以及对这些资源的利用不足 现有技术，向人们传播这一信息 糖尿病是最大限度地提高这一群体的护理质量的关键。 糖尿病视网膜病变意识计划正在被提出以解决 这些问题。这是一项随机对照的教育干预试验 将在纽约州萨福克县进行。这项研究旨在控制 通过评估社区糖尿病视网膜病变造成的视力损失 增加使用眼科服务的各种方法，包括 糖尿病患者。拟议的试验将包括一个严格的 研究设计和评估各种策略的有效性 行为上的改变。将绘制方法论和干预技术 从流行病学、临床试验、健康教育和 宣传、信息传播和疾病登记。 糖尿病患者将从多个社区来源进行识别， 例如药房、医生办公室和医疗诊所、医疗保健 工人，来自美国糖尿病协会和Long的群发邮件 海岛照明公司、大众传媒等网络。通过这些 ，这项研究预计将确定超过2500人在 年龄，并招募840人参加教育干预试验。 是否有资格参加试验将取决于是否有眼科医生 最近两年内的考试。符合条件的个人将是 随机进入非干预控制臂，一次性 干预臂或多组件干预臂，并跟随 两年了。调查数据将在基线、中点和 完成审判，以获得关于知识、态度、信仰和 关于糖尿病、糖尿病相关眼病和 眼科护理。眼睛检查的数据，这是主要的研究 终点，将由参与者的眼科医生确认。这个 将对每项干预的有效性进行评估，并将结果用于 开发一个原型干预模型，该模型可用于其他 社区。 这项研究借鉴了成熟的健康干预计划的方法 在其他疾病和其他人群中使用。一个主要的优势是 这项拟议的研究得到了社区组织和 当地的眼科医生。其结果将为评估 以社区为基础的各种方法招募糖尿病患者的成功 用于教育干预；它还将测试和比较各种类型 干预的结果。这些信息将有助于创造未来 干预模式。此外，它还将开发方法来 以低成本但有效的方式跟踪医疗保健利用率的变化 随着时间的推移，人口会越来越多。

Diabetes affects approximately 10 million Americans and is a major cause of blindness. Almost all persons with diabetes will develop some degree of diabetic retinopathy during their lives. Given the ability to diagnose diabetic retinopathy in an asymptomatic form, the recent advances for the effective treatment of the disease, and the underutilization of these available technologies, the dissemination of this information to persons with diabetes is crucial to maximize the quality of care among this group. The Diabetes Retinopathy Awareness Program is being proposed to address these issues. It is a randomized controlled educational Intervention trial to be conducted in Suffolk County, New York. The study aims to control visual loss from diabetic retinopathy in the community by evaluating various methods of increasing the use of ophthalmologic services among persons with diabetes. The proposed trial would incorporate a rigorous study design and evaluation of the effectiveness of various strategies for behavioral change. Methodology and intervention techniques will be drawn from the fields of epidemiology, clinical trials, health education and promotion, information dissemination and disease registration. Persons with diabetes will be identified from multiple community sources, such as pharmacies, physician offices and health clinics, health care workers, mass mailings from the American Diabetes Association and the Long Island Lighting Company, mass media and other networks. Through these channels, the study expects to identify over 2,500 individuals over the age, and enroll 840 persons into the educational intervention trial. Eligibility for the trial will be based on lack of an ophthalmologic examination within the last two years. Eligible individuals will be randomized into a nonintervention control arm, a single one-time intervention arm or a multiple-component intervention arm and followed for two years. Survey data will be collected at baseline, midpoint and at trial completion to obtain information on knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and practice regarding diabetes, diabetic related eye disease and ophthalmologic care. Data on eye examinations, which are the major study endpoint, will be confirmed by the participants' ophthalmologists. The effectiveness of each intervention will be evaluated and results used to develop a prototype intervention model, which can be used in other communities. The study draws methods from well established health intervention schemes in use for other diseases, and in other populations. A major strength of the proposed study is its extensive support by community organizations and the local ophthalmologists. Its results will provide data to evaluate the success of various community based methods to recruit persons with diabetes for educational interventions; it will also test and compare various types of interventions. This information will assist in creating future intervention models. In addition, it will develop methods to inexpensively, yet effectively, track changes in health care utilization in a population over time.