LOGICS FOR HIV RISK AMONG HOMELESS HEROIN INJECTORS

无家可归的海洛因注射者感染艾滋病毒风险的逻辑

• 批准号: 2013474
• 负责人: Philippe Bourgois
• 金额: $ 29.47万
• 依托单位: SAN FRANCISCO STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-03-01 至 1998-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2013474
• 关键词: HIV infections; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; disease /disorder proneness /risk; gender difference; heroin; homeless; human subject; hypodermic needle; intravenous drug abuse; needle sharing; peer group; racial /ethnic difference; sex behavior; social class; social support network

This project tests five hypotheses on the relative risks of HIV transmission due to syringe and ancillary paraphernalia sharing within a network of homeless heroin injectors in San Francisco. It seeks to explain the internal logics and structural causes for sharing by documenting the intimate mechanisms and social construction of risky injection practices in a fully indigenous street setting. Special attention is paid to the economic, biological and emotional imperatives faced by chronic heroin users. Data will be collected by a multi-ethnic research team utilizing intensive, around-the-clock participant-observation methods conducted inside the shooting galleries and sleeping encampments of a core network of twelve heroin abusers and their peripheral social contacts (approximately 50 additional drug users street hustlers, and day laborers). The bulk of the ethnographic data will consist of direct observations and tape-recordings, but will also include photographs, videotapes, and HIV tests. Understanding and explaining the logics for injection practices will enable the delineation of profiles of relative risk for HIV infection both for individuals and for types of social networks. Through HIV seroprevalence testing of individuals and paraphernalia, the project will identify which sharing practices are riskiest and why certain types of individuals and/or social networks are at greatest risk. Rather than making statistical correlations, the project aims to understand and explain risky injection behaviors. An analysis of the pragmatics and contexts for dangerous behaviors that are often concealed or misreported to outsiders will offer public health service providers an indigenous perspective on the effectiveness of their outreach programs. By complementing San Francisco's extensive epidemiological documentation with participant-observation data and analysis, the project hopes to promote a methodological dialogue capable of augmenting the accuracy of future data collection by improving survey protocols, reframing questions and hypotheses, and systematizing sampling strategies. The long-term goal is to contribute to an explanatory model for variance in HIV infection rates in different vulnerable sectors of the U.S. population.

该项目检验了五个关于艾滋病毒相对风险的假设 由于注射器和辅助用具共享引起的传输 旧金山无家可归海洛因注射器网络。它试图解释 内部逻辑和结构性分享的原因，通过记录 亲密的机制和危险注射实践的社会建设 在完全土著的街道环境中。特别注意 慢性海洛因面临的经济，生物学和情感要求 用户。 数据将由多民族研究团队收集 进行的密集的，全天候的参与者观察方法 在拍摄画廊和核心网络的睡眠营地内 十二个海洛因滥用者及其周边社会接触 （大约有50个吸毒者街头骗子和一天 劳动者）。人种学数据的大部分将包括直接 观察和磁带录制，但还将包括照片 录像带和HIV测试。理解和解释逻辑 注射实践将使相对的概况划分 个人和社会类型的艾滋病毒感染风险 网络。通过艾滋病毒的血清阳性测试 用具，该项目将确定哪些共享实践是 最风险的以及为什么某些类型的个人和/或社交网络是 面临最大的风险。 该项目不是建立统计相关性，而是旨在 了解并解释有风险的注射行为。分析 通常隐藏的危险行为的语用和背景 或向局外人报告误会，将为公共卫生服务提供商提供 对其外展计划的有效性的土著观点。经过 与旧金山广泛的流行病学文献相辅相成 参与者观察数据和分析，该项目希望促进 方法学对话能够提高未来数据的准确性 通过改进调查协议，重新定义问题和 假设和系统化抽样策略。 长期目标是 为艾滋病毒感染率方差的解释模型做出贡献 在美国人口的不同弱势部门中。