The Logics for HIV Risk among Street-Based Heroin Injectors

街头海洛因注射者艾滋病毒风险的逻辑

基本信息

批准号：
8465205
负责人：
Philippe Bourgois
金额：
$ 37.62万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1996-03-01 至 2015-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8465205
关键词：
AIDS prevention Affect African American Age Agreement Air Attention Awareness Behavior Behavioral Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)Child Abuse Church Cities Clinical Services Collaborations Complex Conflict (Psychology)Conscious Consensus Criminal Justice Cultural Anthropology Data Data Collection Data Set Decision Making Distal Drug Compounding Drug user Economic Conditions Economics Employment Environment Environment and Public Health Epidemiologist Epidemiology Ethnic Origin Ethnic group Ethnography Face Food Funding Gender HIV HIV Infections HIV risk Health Health Services Research Heroin Income Individual Injecting drug user Injection of therapeutic agent Institution Internet Intervention Investigation Knowledge Laboratories Latino Law Enforcement Legal Link Literature Location Logic Logistics Low income Marketing Medicine Methods Modeling National Institute of Drug Abuse Native-Born Neighborhoods Participant Pattern Peripheral Pharmaceutical Preparations Philadelphia Policies Population Poverty Prevention Preventive Intervention Principal Investigator Procedures Process Public Health Public Housing Puerto Rican Regulation Research Research Infrastructure Resources Risk Risk Behaviors Risk Reduction San Francisco Schools Services Sex Behavior Sexuality Shapes Shelter facility Site Smoker Social Environment Social Network Social Sciences Social Work Socialization Source System Time Training Transportation Unemployment United States United States Public Health Service Ursidae Family Violence Weather addiction analytical tool base clinical care cost cost effective design drug market experience high risk injection drug use inner city innovation interest outreach parent grant preference prevent programs public health relevance remediation sex skills social social inequality socioeconomics theories transmission process

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): We propose to develop a theoretically and ethnographically informed model of "HIV risk environment" for public health intervention by identifying the key structural forces, institutional processes, and socio-cultural constraints that shape HIV behaviors among inner-city street-based drug users. We will examine the social processes that drive the logics for HIV transmission behaviors among street-based injection drug users (IDUs) in two cities, Philadelphia and San Francisco, that span a strategic range of the demographic, economic, political, and cultural factors affecting inner-city poverty in the United States. Building on long-term, continuous participant-observation ethnographic fieldwork in the shooting encampments of ethnically and generationally bounded social networks of heroin injectors and crack smokers in San Francisco as well as pilot research in Philadelphia at open-air drug markets and shooting galleries, we will document patterns of: 1) law enforcement and criminal justice; 2) poverty and income generating opportunities (including legal and illegal labor markets and public subsidies); 3) illegal drug markets and polydrug availability; 4) racialized ethnic boundaries and conflicts; 5) gender/sexuality boundaries that delimit social networks; 6) oppositional sub-cultural identities that trap IDUs into counterproductive relationships with the services that are meant to help or contain them; 7) violence and insecurity; 8) access to clinical care, public health prevention messages, and social services; 9) access to ecological and basic survival needs infrastructures including transportation systems, food, and shelter from inclement weather. An experienced ethnographic team in both cities will collect data on individual-level HIV risk behaviors at fieldsites that we have successfully maintained on the parent grant for more than 12 years in San Francisco and recently established in Philadelphia (core N of each network=15-20 at any given time, peripheral N=10-15 in each fieldsite; 2 sites in Philadephia and 2 in San Francisco). The project will administer a set of procedures for cross-methodological collaboration with epidemiologists who are the Principal Investigators on long-term, large quantitative data sets documenting street-based drug users in both cities. This will enable us to examine the representativity of our ethnographic data on individual street-based drug users and to explore the generalizability of our analysis of the larger social structural processes that promote or constrain risky injection and sexual practices. It will also bring one of the largest and oldest NIDA-funded data sets on IDUs in San Francisco, an exceptionally high-tech, wealthy, culturally diverse, and liberal city into an illustrative contrast and dialogue with another large NIDA-supported quantitative data set of street-based drug users in the city of Philadelphia, one of the nation's poorest deindustrialized metropolises, with a declining population of largely native-born white, Latino (primarily Puerto Rican) and African American ethnic groups.

描述（由申请人提供）：我们建议通过确定关键的结构性力量，机构过程和社会文化约束来开发理论上和人种学知情的“艾滋病毒风险环境”模型，以构成公共卫生干预的“艾滋病毒风险环境”模型，从而在基于内部的街头街头吸毒者中塑造了艾滋病毒行为。我们将研究在两个城市，费城和旧金山的街道注射吸毒者（IDU）中促进艾滋病毒传播行为的逻辑的社会过程，这些过程涵盖了影响美国内部城市内部贫困的人口，经济，政治和文化因素的战略范围。基于长期，连续的参与者观察民族志实地调查，在旧金山的种族和生成界的海洛因注射器和裂纹吸烟者的射击营地以及露天药品市场和费城的飞行员研究中，我们将记录：1）执法和犯罪司法正义和犯罪司法; 2）贫困和收入产生机会（包括法律和非法劳动力市场以及公共补贴）； 3）非法毒品市场和多药的可用性； 4）种族化的种族边界和冲突； 5）界定社交网络的性别/性界限； 6）与旨在帮助或遏制的服务的反对派亚文化身份，使IDU与旨在帮助或遏制这些服务的服务适得其反； 7）暴力和不安全感； 8）获得临床护理，公共卫生预防信息和社会服务； 9）获得生态和基本生存需求的基础设施，包括运输系统，食物和避免天气的庇护所。 An experienced ethnographic team in both cities will collect data on individual-level HIV risk behaviors at fieldsites that we have successfully maintained on the parent grant for more than 12 years in San Francisco and recently established in Philadelphia (core N of each network=15-20 at any given time, peripheral N=10-15 in each fieldsite; 2 sites in Philadephia and 2 in San Francisco).该项目将与流行病学家管理一组跨方法合作的程序，他们是长期，大量数据集的主要研究人员，记录了两个城市中的街头吸毒者。这将使我们能够研究我们的民族志数据对个别街头吸毒者的代表性，并探讨我们对较大的社会结构过程的分析的普遍性，这些过程促进或限制了危险的注入和性行为。 It will also bring one of the largest and oldest NIDA-funded data sets on IDUs in San Francisco, an exceptionally high-tech, wealthy, culturally diverse, and liberal city into an illustrative contrast and dialogue with another large NIDA-supported quantitative data set of street-based drug users in the city of Philadelphia, one of the nation's poorest deindustrialized metropolises, with a declining population of largely本地出生的白人，拉丁裔（主要是波多黎各人）和非裔美国族裔。