LOGICS FOR HIV RISK AMONG HOMELESS HEROIN INJECTORS

无家可归的海洛因注射者感染艾滋病毒风险的逻辑

• 批准号: 6214322
• 负责人: Philippe Bourgois
• 金额: $ 33.09万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-03-01 至 2004-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6214322
• 关键词: African American; HIV infections; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; crack cocaine; disease /disorder proneness /risk; gender difference; heroin; homeless; human subject; income; intravenous drug abuse; longitudinal human study; needle sharing; racial /ethnic difference; sex behavior; social support network; substance abuse epidemiology; substance abuse related behavior

DESCRIPTION (adapted from applicant's abstract): This project builds on three years of intensive participant-observation ethnographic fieldwork in the shooting encampments of a network of white and Latino homeless heroin addicts that documents the logics for HIV transmission due to syringe and ancillary paraphernalia sharing. The expansion of the core network to include a cohort of African American crack smokers and injectors has exacerbated the network's risk environment, and provides a comparative and evolving natural social laboratory that now permits the documentation in a fully indigenous setting of the ways risky injection practices articulate with: 1) ethnicity; 2) poly-drug abuse; 3) income-generating strategies; 4) gender/sexuality; and 5) status hierarchies. The restructuring of our network's boundaries and its dyadic running partnerships allows us to analyze the protective as well as risk-promoting dynamics of these socially structured relationships. We will identify network bridging and bounding mechanisms that shape the spread of HIV as well as offer contextualized processual understandings for why different individuals within the same network and across comparable networks engage in distinct patterns of risky injection behavior. A multi-ethnic research team will collect the data inside the shooting and sleeping encampments of the core network of 20 heroin injectors and their peripheral social contacts (approximately 50 additional injectors). The research design and analysis links theoretically significant categories addressing macro-social power relations to the specific observable risky behaviors of differentially vulnerable individuals. An analysis of the pragmatics and contexts for taboo behaviors that are sometimes concealed or misreported to outsiders offers public health service providers an indigenous perspective on the effectiveness of their outreach programs. The project engages a methodological dialogue without long-term epidemiological cohort studies of IDUs in order to operationalize qualitative data into testable epidemiological constructs. This ongoing iterative dialogue also allows us to reframe questions, generate new hypotheses, and systematize sampling strategies among out-of-treatment, hard-to-reach substance users. The long-term goal is to contribute to a socially contextualized model that explains variance in HIV infection/risk-behavior rates among different vulnerable sectors of the U.S. population by elucidating the social forces--both micro and macro -- that shape the spread of blood-bone disease among injectors.

描述（改编自申请人的摘要）：此项目建立在三个 多年的密集参与者观察民族志现场工作 白人和拉丁裔无家可归的海洛因吸毒者网络的射击营地 这记录了由于注射器和辅助引起的HIV传播的逻辑 用具分享。核心网络的扩展以包括 非裔美国人的吸烟者和喷油器加剧了该网络的风险 环境，并提供了比较且不断发展的自然社会实验室 现在，这允许该文档以完全的方式的方式 有风险的注射实践表达出：1）种族； 2）滥用多毒； 3） 创收策略； 4）性别/性行为； 5）状态层次结构。 我们网络边界的重组及其二元运行 伙伴关系使我们能够分析保护性和风险促进 这些社会结构化关系的动态。我们将确定网络 塑造艾滋病毒传播的桥接和边界机制 情境化的过程对为什么内部不同的个人 相同的网络以及跨跨可比网络都有不同的模式 有风险的注射行为。 多民族研究团队将收集射击中的数据， 20个海洛因注射器及其的核心网络的睡眠营地 周围社会接触（大约50个进一步的喷油器）。这 研究设计和分析链接理论上重要的类别 解决特定可观察的风险的宏观社会权力关系 差异脆弱的个体的行为。分析 有时被隐藏或 向局外人报告了公共卫生服务提供商的土著提供者 对其外展计划的有效性的观点。项目 参与方法学对话，而无需长期流行病学队列 IDU的研究以将定性数据运行到可测试中 流行病学结构。这种持续的迭代对话也使我们能够 重组问题，产生新的假设并系统化抽样策略 在治疗外，难以到达的药物用户。长期目标是 为解释艾滋病毒差异的社会上下文化模型做出贡献 美国不同弱势部门的感染/风险行为率 人口通过阐明社会力量 - 微观和宏观 - 这种形状 注射器中血骨疾病的传播。