NEW MEMBRANES FOR CARCINOGEN REMOVAL IN WATER TREATMENT

用于去除水处理中致癌物的新型膜

• 批准号: 2010040
• 负责人: Stuart Nemser
• 金额: $ 10万
• 依托单位: COMPACT MEMBRANE SYSTEMS, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-01-17 至 1997-12-16
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2010040
• 关键词: artificial membranes; chemical carcinogen; chlorine; method development; ozone; technology /technique development; water treatment

Disinfection is a critical process step in potable water treatment. Chlorine is currently the most widely used, and least costly disinfectant. An unfortunate by-product of chlorine disinfection is the formation of carcinogenic trihalomethanes (THMs) when chlorine reacts with organics dissolved in water. A further disadvantage of chlorine is its inability to remove viruses. Ozone is a more powerful disinfectant that can destroy viruses, and whose use is well proven in water treatment. Its high cost, however, has severely limited its widespread use. This proposal will demonstrate that unique perfluoro -membranes have properties that enhance water ozonation. These membranes are nonporous and resist clogging, are chemically inert to ozone, and have 30 times the flux rate of other nonporous membranes. The postulated mechanism of ozone transfer from the membrane into water is such that it may bypass or minimize the normally rate limiting gas- liquid transfer step. If successful, development of much improved ozone injection devices would eliminate much of the cost disadvantage of ozone treatment and allow wider use of this intrinsically advantageous disinfectant, with an associated reduction in the incidence of cancer due to THMs. This technology would be equally useful for the final stage of wastewater treatment. PROPOSED COMMERCIAL APPLICATION: Our unique perfluoromembrane has properties that enhance water ozonation and narrow the cost of ozone verses chlorine water treatment. increased use of ozone as a disinfectant would eliminate the formation of carcinogenic THMs in drinking water and reduce cases of viral illness caused by water contamination, thereby contributing to a reduction of the nation's health bill for treatment of cancers and certain viral diseases.

消毒是饮用水处理的关键工艺步骤。 氯是目前使用最广泛、成本最低的 消毒剂。氯消毒的一个不幸的副产品是 氯反应生成致癌三卤甲烷(THMs) 有机物溶解在水中。氯的另一个缺点是 它无法清除病毒。 臭氧是一种更强大的消毒剂，可以摧毁病毒，其 在水处理中的使用得到了很好的证明。然而，其高昂的成本已经 严重限制了它的广泛使用。这项提议将证明 独特的全氟膜具有增强水臭氧氧化的性能。 这些膜是无孔的，不会堵塞，在化学上是惰性的 对于臭氧，其通量是其他无孔膜的30倍。 臭氧从膜向水转移的假设机制 它可以绕过或最大限度地减少通常的限速气体- 液体转移步骤。如果成功，臭氧的发展将大大改善 喷射装置将消除臭氧的大部分成本劣势。 治疗并允许更广泛地使用这一内在优势 消毒剂，伴随着癌症发病率的相关降低 转到THMS。这项技术在最后阶段也同样有用 废水处理。 建议的商业应用：我们独特的全氟薄膜具有 增强水臭氧氧化和降低臭氧成本的性能 与氯水处理的对比。增加臭氧作为消毒剂的使用 将消除饮用水中致癌三氯甲烷的形成，并 减少水污染引起的病毒性疾病病例，从而 为减少国家治疗肺炎的医疗费用做出贡献 癌症和某些病毒疾病。