MUSHROOM BODIES AND HORMONES AND INSECT LEARNING

蘑菇体、激素和昆虫学习

• 批准号: 2634879
• 负责人: ELIZABETH A CAPALDI
• 金额: $ 2.54万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-12-18 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2634879
• 关键词: Hymenoptera; behavior test; behavioral /social science research tag; ethology; hormone regulation /control mechanism; invertebrate hormone; learning; neuroanatomy; neurohormones; neuroregulation; orientation

Behavioral development occurs in many species of invertebrates and vertebrates, including humans. As individuals age and pass through different stages of their lives, their behavior changes, often in predictable ways. Often an individual's behavior increases in complexity and is influenced by learning and memory. A major challenge in biology is to understand how genetic and environmental factors act on the brain to regulate the development of behavior. The goal of this project is to study the structural plasticity of the brain and to understand how endocrine-mediated behavioral development affects the use of memory. Although insects are not usually thought of as representative species for understanding complex behaviors, the honey bee in an excellent model with which to study behavioral development. Bees have a relatively simple nervous system that underlies a rich behavioral repertoire; bees exhibit division of labor within the colony and extensively use memory during orientation and foraging. The bee will thus be used to couple established techniques in neuroscience, endocrinology, and behavior in an effort to understand the factors that transform a naive bee into an experienced one. The first line of study will examine the ontogeny of orientation flights in honey bees. These flights occur prior to the initiation of foraging and allow the bee to learn visual aspects of the environment for use during foraging. The second line of study will determine if orientation behavior is dependent upon exposure to juvenile hormone, an insect hormone known to control development. The third line of inquiry will determine if the transition to orientation and foraging is dependent upon the neuropils of the mushroom bodies. The principle significance of this research is that it will advance our knowledge of how the developing brain acquires and stores visual memories.

行为发育发生在许多种类的无脊椎动物中， 脊椎动物，包括人类。 随着个体年龄的增长 在他们生命的不同阶段，他们的行为会发生变化， 可预测的方式。 通常一个人的行为会增加， 复杂性，并受学习和记忆的影响。 一项重大挑战 是了解遗传和环境因素如何作用于 大脑来调节行为的发展。 这个目标 该项目旨在研究大脑的结构可塑性， 了解内分泌介导的行为发展如何影响使用 记忆。 尽管昆虫通常不被认为是 了解复杂行为的代表物种，蜂蜜 这是一个研究行为发展的极好模型。 蜜蜂有一个相对简单的神经系统， 行为谱系;蜜蜂在殖民地内表现出劳动分工 并在定向和觅食过程中广泛使用记忆。 蜜蜂 因此将用于耦合神经科学中已建立的技术， 内分泌学和行为学，以了解 把一只幼稚的蜜蜂变成有经验的蜜蜂 学习的第一线 将研究蜜蜂定向飞行的个体发育。 这些 飞行发生在觅食开始之前，并允许蜜蜂 学习环境的视觉方面，以便在觅食时使用。 的 第二条研究线将确定定向行为是否依赖于 当暴露于保幼激素时，一种已知控制 发展 第三条调查线将确定过渡是否 定向和觅食依赖于大脑的神经柱， 蘑菇体 本研究的主要意义在于， 将推进我们对发育中的大脑如何获得 储存视觉记忆