MUSHROOM BODIES AND HORMONES AND INSECT LEARNING

蘑菇体、激素和昆虫学习

• 批准号: 2857390
• 负责人: ELIZABETH A CAPALDI
• 金额: $ 3.67万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-12-18 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2857390
• 关键词: Hymenoptera; behavior test; behavioral /social science research tag; ethology; hormone regulation /control mechanism; invertebrate hormone; learning; neuroanatomy; neurohormones; neuroregulation; orientation

Behavioral development occurs in many species of invertebrates and vertebrates, including humans. As individuals age and pass through different stages of their lives, their behavior changes, often in predictable ways. Often an individual's behavior increases in complexity and is influenced by learning and memory. A major challenge in biology is to understand how genetic and environmental factors act on the brain to regulate the development of behavior. The goal of this project is to study the structural plasticity of the brain and to understand how endocrine-mediated behavioral development affects the use of memory. Although insects are not usually thought of as representative species for understanding complex behaviors, the honey bee in an excellent model with which to study behavioral development. Bees have a relatively simple nervous system that underlies a rich behavioral repertoire; bees exhibit division of labor within the colony and extensively use memory during orientation and foraging. The bee will thus be used to couple established techniques in neuroscience, endocrinology, and behavior in an effort to understand the factors that transform a naive bee into an experienced one. The first line of study will examine the ontogeny of orientation flights in honey bees. These flights occur prior to the initiation of foraging and allow the bee to learn visual aspects of the environment for use during foraging. The second line of study will determine if orientation behavior is dependent upon exposure to juvenile hormone, an insect hormone known to control development. The third line of inquiry will determine if the transition to orientation and foraging is dependent upon the neuropils of the mushroom bodies. The principle significance of this research is that it will advance our knowledge of how the developing brain acquires and stores visual memories.

行为发育发生在许多种类的无脊椎动物和 脊椎动物，包括人类。随着个人年龄的增长和年龄的增长 他们生活的不同阶段，他们的行为发生变化，通常在 可预见的方式。通常，一个人的行为会在 复杂性，并受学习和记忆的影响。一项重大挑战 是了解遗传和环境因素是如何作用于 大脑调节行为的发展。这样做的目的是 该项目是研究大脑的结构可塑性，并 了解内分泌调节的行为发育如何影响药物的使用 对记忆的记忆。尽管昆虫通常不被认为是 蜂蜜是理解复杂行为的代表物种 蜜蜂处于研究行为发育的极佳模型中。 蜜蜂有一个相对简单的神经系统，它构成了丰富的 行为剧目；蜜蜂在蜂群内表现出分工 并在定向和觅食过程中广泛使用记忆。蜜蜂 因此将被用来结合神经科学中的既定技术， 内分泌学和行为学，以努力了解 把幼稚的蜜蜂变成有经验的蜜蜂。学习的第一条线 将研究蜜蜂定向飞行的个体发育。这些 飞行发生在觅食开始之前，允许蜜蜂 了解环境的视觉方面，以便在觅食时使用。这个 第二条研究路线将决定定向行为是否依赖于 一旦接触到保幼激素，一种已知可以控制 发展。第三行调查将决定过渡是否会 对定向和觅食的依赖依赖于 蘑菇状的身体。这项研究的主要意义在于它 将促进我们对发育中的大脑如何获得和 存储视觉记忆。