MUSHROOM BODIES AND HORMONES AND INSECT LEARNING

蘑菇体、激素和昆虫学习

• 批准号: 2024917
• 负责人: ELIZABETH A CAPALDI
• 金额: $ 2.09万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-08-01 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2024917
• 关键词: Hymenoptera; behavior test; behavioral /social science research tag; ethology; hormone regulation /control mechanism; invertebrate hormone; learning; neuroanatomy; neurohormones; neuroregulation; orientation

Behavioral development occurs in many species of invertebrates and vertebrates, including humans. As individuals age and pass through different stages of their lives, their behavior changes, often in predictable ways. Often an individual's behavior increases in complexity and is influenced by learning and memory. A major challenge in biology is to understand how genetic and environmental factors act on the brain to regulate the development of behavior. The goal of this project is to study the structural plasticity of the brain and to understand how endocrine-mediated behavioral development affects the use of memory. Although insects are not usually thought of as representative species for understanding complex behaviors, the honey bee in an excellent model with which to study behavioral development. Bees have a relatively simple nervous system that underlies a rich behavioral repertoire; bees exhibit division of labor within the colony and extensively use memory during orientation and foraging. The bee will thus be used to couple established techniques in neuroscience, endocrinology, and behavior in an effort to understand the factors that transform a naive bee into an experienced one. The first line of study will examine the ontogeny of orientation flights in honey bees. These flights occur prior to the initiation of foraging and allow the bee to learn visual aspects of the environment for use during foraging. The second line of study will determine if orientation behavior is dependent upon exposure to juvenile hormone, an insect hormone known to control development. The third line of inquiry will determine if the transition to orientation and foraging is dependent upon the neuropils of the mushroom bodies. The principle significance of this research is that it will advance our knowledge of how the developing brain acquires and stores visual memories.

许多无脊椎动物物种都会发生行为发展 脊椎动物，包括人类。 随着个人年龄的增长和经历 在人生的不同阶段，他们的行为会发生变化，通常 可预测的方式。 通常，一个人的行为会随着时间的推移而增加 复杂性，并受到学习和记忆的影响。 一个重大挑战 生物学的目的是了解遗传和环境因素如何作用 大脑调节行为的发展。 此举的目标 项目是研究大脑的结构可塑性并 了解内分泌介导的行为发展如何影响使用 的记忆。 尽管昆虫通常不被认为是 理解复杂行为的代表物种，蜂蜜 蜜蜂是研究行为发展的优秀模型。 蜜蜂有一个相对简单的神经系统，但却是丰富的神经系统的基础。 行为曲目；蜜蜂在群体内表现出劳动分工 并在定向和觅食过程中广泛使用记忆。 蜜蜂 因此将被用来结合神经科学中的现有技术， 内分泌学和行为学，努力了解影响因素 将一只天真的蜜蜂变成经验丰富的蜜蜂。 第一线学习 将检查蜜蜂定向飞行的个体发育。 这些 飞行发生在开始觅食之前，并允许蜜蜂 了解觅食期间使用的环境的视觉方面。 这 第二线研究将确定定向行为是否具有依赖性 接触保幼激素后，一种已知可以控制的昆虫激素 发展。 第三行询问将确定过渡是否 定向和觅食取决于神经纤维 蘑菇体。 这项研究的主要意义在于 将增进我们对发育中的大脑如何获得和 储存视觉记忆。