ALCOHOL EXPOSURE, SOCIAL BEHAVIOR AND DEVELOPMENT

酒精暴露、社会行为和发展

• 批准号: 2649712
• 负责人: Sandra J Kelly
• 金额: $ 10万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA AT COLUMBIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-09-25 至 1998-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2649712
• 关键词: animal developmental psychology; behavioral /social science research tag; disease /disorder model; embryo /fetus toxicology; ethanol; fetal alcohol syndrome; gender difference; laboratory rat; social behavior

People with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) exhibit striking deficits in social behavior; these alterations in social behavior are independent of chances in intelligence and may be very damaging with respect to day- to-day functioning. The goal of this proposal is to use a model of FAS in which the rat is exposed to alcohol during all three trimester equivalents to investigate the mechanism by which alcohol alters social behaviors in the rat. The model that is used is novel and exposes rats to alcohol during all three trimester equivalents or, in other words, during both the prenatal and postnatal periods. The first set of experiments characterizes the model by comparing the effects of alcohol exposure during the prenatal period alone, the postnatal period alone and the combination of prenatal and postnatal periods alone on activity, passive avoidance learning and spatial learning. The second set of experiments focuses on social motivation in an affiliative context. The experiments use distress vocalizations under different conditions of isolation, running speed to gain access to a conspecific after varying degrees of social deprivation, and social preference for conspecifics which are different with respect to aggressiveness. The third set of experiments examines social motivation in an aggressive context using the resident/intruder paradigm for both males and females; the motivation is varied by changing the context in which the aggression occurs. All of the experiments on social motivation use the additive factors technique to tease apart effects on motivation from effect on perception or the response mechanism; generally this technique examines the behavior under varying degrees of motivation and predicts that if groups differ in social motivation, then they will differ in how their behavior is altered by alterations in the level of social motivation. All of the experiments have three groups; these are rats exposed to alcohol during all three trimester equivalents, rat treated in the same manner as the alcohol-exposed rats except that they are not exposed to alcohol, and rats that are not treated in any manner. It is predicted that alcohol-exposed female rats will have enhanced social motivation compared to control female rats and alcohol-exposed male rats will have decreased social motivation compared to control male rats.

胎儿酒精综合征（FAS）患者在以下方面表现出明显的缺陷： 社会行为;这些社会行为的改变独立于 在智力上的机会，可能是非常有害的，对于一天- 今天的功能。本提案的目标是使用FAS模型 其中大鼠在整个三个月期间都暴露于酒精中 等同于研究酒精改变社会的机制 老鼠的行为使用的模型是新颖的， 在三个月的时间里饮酒，换句话说， 在产前和产后时期。第一组 实验通过比较以下因素的影响来表征模型 仅在产前时期，产后时期， 单独和产前和产后期的组合单独 被动回避学习和空间学习。第二 一组实验的重点是社会动机的亲和 上下文实验使用不同条件下的痛苦发声 隔离条件，运行速度，以获得一个同种 在不同程度的社会剥夺和社会偏好之后， 在攻击性方面不同的同种。的 第三组实验考察了攻击性行为中的社会动机。 背景下使用居民/入侵者范式为男性和 女性;动机是不同的，通过改变上下文，其中 侵略发生了。所有关于社会动机的实验都使用 添加剂因素技术梳理除了动机的影响， 对感知或反应机制的影响;一般来说， 该技术检查了不同程度动机下的行为 并预测，如果群体的社会动机不同，那么他们将 不同的是，他们的行为是如何改变的水平， 社会动机所有的实验都有三组，分别是 在所有三个月等效期内暴露于酒精的大鼠，大鼠 以与暴露于酒精的大鼠相同的方式处理，除了它们 不接触酒精，不接受任何治疗的老鼠。 据预测，酒精暴露的雌性大鼠将增强 与对照组雌性大鼠和酒精暴露组相比， 与对照组相比，雄性大鼠的社会动机会降低 雄性大鼠